Nutrition-induced Changes of Growth from Birth to First Calving and Its Impact on Mammary Development and First-lactation Milk Yield in Dairy Heifers: A Review

Lohakare, J. D.; Südekum, K.-H.; Pattanaik, A.K.

doi:10.5713/ajas.2012.12282

Cited by 35 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 88 publications

(155 reference statements)

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“…The negative impact of enhancing growth by high feeding level during the rearing period is well described in heifers (Le Cozler et al 2008;Lohakare et al 2012). A high level of feeding during the rearing period could impair milk production in first lactation by increasing the fat pad development at the expense of parenchyma (Sejrsen and Purup 1997;Sejrsen et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High feeding level after early weaning had no impact on subsequent milk production in Alpine goats

Panzuti

Duvaux-Ponter

Dessauge

2018

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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The objectives of this study were to explore the effects of feeding level after early weaning on growth, reproduction performances and milk production in early weaned kids. Ninety Alpine goats were weaned at 9.7 ± 0.14 kg (30 days of age) and given different levels of concentrate: Control (C, 730 g DM/d, n = 30), Low (L, 365 g DM/d, n = 30) or High (H, 1090 g DM/d, n = 30) until 235 days of age. Goats were weighed twice a month until 11 months of age and once a month during lactation. Morphometric and reproduction parameters, as well as milk production during the first 100 days of the first lactation, were recorded. The ADG of the L group from birth to 230 days of age was decreased by 23% compared to the C group and by 33% compared to the H group (P < .001). The prolificacy was 30% higher in the C and H groups compared to the L group and was around 1.6 kids per goat in those two groups (P < .05). Milk yield for the first 100 days of lactation was not impacted by the feeding level (P > .1). To conclude, after early weaning, feeding level impacted growth but without detrimental effect on milk yield. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, management and feeding of replacement females is expensive and requires extensive labour (Lohakare et al 2012). In France, changes in rearing practices have been recently observed in dairy goat farms, for many reasons including the reduction of costs (mainly milk replacer cost) and management flexibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High feeding level after early weaning had no impact on subsequent milk production in Alpine goats

Panzuti

Duvaux-Ponter

Dessauge

2018

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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“…Rearing replacement young dairy animals under intensive dairy system is expensive, requires extensive labor [1], and usually requires the anticipation of age at first calving without impairing body development and future milk production [2]. Practices to optimize this process may include the use of phytochemicals, which can improve aspects related to animal health, rumen efficiency, and weight gain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OreganoExtract Added into the Diet of Dairy Heifers Changes Feeding Behavior and Concentrate Intake

Kolling

Panazzolo

Gabbi

et al. 2016

The Scientific World Journal

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This experiment aimed to describe the effects of Oregano extract (OE) inclusion into the concentrate fed to dairy heifers on physiological parameters, feeding behavior, intake, and performance. Thirty-two Holstein heifers were randomly distributed into four treatments: C = control, without addition of OE; OE2.5 = 2.5 g; OE5.0 = 5.0 g and OE7.5 = 7.5 g of Oregano extract per heifer/day. Feeding behavior and concentrate intake were assessed individually every day and total dry matter intake (DMI) was determined on the last week of the trial. Compared to control group, OE7.5 reduced by 32% the latency time to approach the feed bunk but increased by 6% the time spent eating the concentrate. Each inclusion of 2.5 grams of OE into the concentrate increased the occurrence of postingestive licking the feed bunk with abundant saliva production 1.2 times (P < 0.01) and tended to increase the occurrence of sneeze events 1.2 times (P < 0.10). No statistical difference was detected between treatments for total DMI, but concentrate DMI was 9% lower for OE7.5 when compared to control and OE2.5. The inclusion of 7.5 grams/day of OE causes small but negative effects in feeding behavior and concentrate intake, without change on total dry matter intake.

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“…Numerous factors affect this intricate long play of reproductive physiology and will determine the cow's reproductive efficiency. Apart from the genetic trait effects, the nurture effects on reproductive capacities start in utero, and show to be also important during the calf and heifer rearing period (GonzalesRecio et al, 2012;Lohakare et al 2012;Sinclair et al, 2016). Many studies focused already on the effect of the conditions during the dry and the transition period on reproduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative energy balance and metabolic stress in relation to oocyte and embryo quality: an update on possible pathways reducing fertility in dairy cows

Leroy¹,

Bie²,

Jordaens³

et al. 2017

Anim Reprod

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A negative energy balance in metabolically compromised high producing dairy cows has been shown to influence oocyte and embryo quality. However, the possible involved pathways needed more attention to better understand specific deleterious effects. Oocyte maturation is the first process to be scrutinized. Because many possible metabolic factors might directly impact oocyte quality, systematic in vitro approaches were used to investigate the effects of oocyte maturation under elevated NEFA concentrations. Blastocysts originating from NEFA-exposed oocytes showed a lower cell number, an increased apoptotic cell index, signs of glucose intolerance, sensitive to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Defining these embryos' transcriptome and epigenome signatures revealed changes in DNA methylation patterns. Long-term exposure of developing murine follicles to elevated NEFA concentrations showed to impair oocyte developmental competence even more. While little is known on how the oviductal microenvironment can change as a consequence of a negative energy balance, a validated in vitro bovine oviduct model offered some valuable insights on how NEFAs disturb oviductal cell physiology. NEFA exposure reduces cell proliferation, cell migration, sperm binding capacity and monolayer integrity. In addition, oviductal cells seem to play an active role in regulating luminal NEFA-concentrations through increased permeability, intracellular lipid accumulation and fatty acid metabolism. This might favour early embryo development. The establishment of a successful pregnancy largely depends on the ability of the embryo to interact with a properly prepared endometrium. Because suboptimal physiological conditions influence oocyte maturation and embryo development to the extent that epigenetic consequences are unavoidable, the question arises if these changes hamper embryo implantation and subsequent development. Gene expression studies on epithelial endometrial cells brought in contact with in vitro embryos cultured for 4 days under suboptimal conditions reveal that the embryo-endometrial signaling is affected. Transfer of bovine embryos derived from compromised oocytes showed disturbed embryo development following recovery at day 14 with a negative impact on IFNt secretion and therefore suggesting carry-over effects from suboptimal culture conditions. The current paper will document the most important recent findings and comment on extrapolation possibilities from in vitro studies to field conditions in daily dairy practice. In addition, the possibility of remediating approaches will be discussed to see how this knowledge might generate insights on possible alleviating strategies.

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Nutrition-induced Changes of Growth from Birth to First Calving and Its Impact on Mammary Development and First-lactation Milk Yield in Dairy Heifers: A Review

Cited by 35 publications

References 88 publications

High feeding level after early weaning had no impact on subsequent milk production in Alpine goats

High feeding level after early weaning had no impact on subsequent milk production in Alpine goats

OreganoExtract Added into the Diet of Dairy Heifers Changes Feeding Behavior and Concentrate Intake

Negative energy balance and metabolic stress in relation to oocyte and embryo quality: an update on possible pathways reducing fertility in dairy cows

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