NUTRITION DES LARVES DE TRIBOLIUM CONFUSUM DUVAL: I. RECHERCHE D'UN RÉGIME SYNTHÉTIQUE BASAL SATISFAISANT LEURS BESOINS NUTRITIFS

Abstract

A purified diet suitable for the study of the qualitative amino acids requirements of the larvae of the Coleoptera Tribolium confusum is presented. The composition of the diet is as follows: amino acid mixture 20%, cornstarch 75.5%, cholesterol 1%, wheat germ oil 1.5%, salt mixture No. 2 U.S.P. XII 2%, yeast 0.5%, vitamin mixture M.V.–II. In presence of amino acids, glucose cannot be used as a source of hydrocarbon. The mixture is very hygroscopic, develops a brown color, and is apparently toxic to the larvae. The importance of choline as a growth factor is demonstrated. Wilson's Liver Fraction L or Liver Concentrate 1: 20 cannot replace this vitamin. Yeast appears to contain unknown factors for it improves growth when added to a diet already supplemented with vitamins known to be essential for the larvae. A mixture of 19 crystalline amino acids known to occur in casein satisfies the nitrogen requirements of the larvae of T. confusum equally as well as purified casein.

Factors in Resistance of Peas to the Pea Aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harr.) (Homoptera: Aphididae). II. Amino Acids

“…For instance, House ( 1949a), \irorking with the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), devised a suitable chenlically defined diet containing 30 per cent amino acid by weight. Lemonde and Bernard (1951a), workirrg with the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Duv., made up a synthetic diet containing 20.7 per cent of an amino acid mixture. These authors (1953) determined the minimum protein requirements of the drug-store beetle, Stegobium paniceum (L.), at 10 per cent of the diet.…”

EFFECTS OF VARIATIONS IN CASEIN AND DEXTRIN CONTENT OF A SYNTHETIC DIET ON LARVAE OF CTENICERA AERIPENNIS DESTRUCTOR (BROWN) (COLEOPTERA: ELATERIDAE)1

“…When the fiducial interval was calculated at the 95% level, it was shown that larvae gained more weight when the diet contained 20 parts casein than with any other concentration except 30 or 70 parts casein. The peak occurring in the neighborhood of 20 parts casein and 80 parts dextrin was not unexpected, in view of the satisfactory growth and development obtained with other Coleoptera using these proportions (LEMONDE & BERNARD 1951, COOPER & FRAENKEL 1952, FRAENKEL 1955. The peak obtained with diets containing 70 parts casein and 30 parts dextrin was not anticipated.…”

Unidentified Growth Factors in Brewer's Yeast: Ii. Some Chemical and Physical Properties of These Factors

“…Details of the technique for using Tribolium confusum in nutritional experiments have already been published (2,13,15). The composition of the basic diet and vitamin mixture is described in Table I.…”