Nutrition: Chemical analysis and consistency of faeces produced by captive monkeys (françois langurs,<i>trachypithecus françoisi</i>) fed supplemental fibre

Nijboer, Joeke; Becher, F.; Kuilen, J. van der; Beynen, A.C.

doi:10.1080/01652176.2001.9695086

Cited by 7 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In an earlier study with François langurs 12 it was shown that an increase in fiber intake led to the production of well-shaped, solid feces. Similarly, in this study, there was a significant negative correlation between the concentration of NDF and fecal score, indicating that higher NDF intakes improved fecal quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…4 In captive François langurs (Trachypithecus françoisi), it was shown that stool quality was improved when the fiber content of the diet was increased. 12 In that study, the intake of extra fiber was associated with lower consumption of nonstructural carbohydrates. Thus, it could be suggested that a decrease in the intake of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC), including soluble sugars, has a positive impact on feces quality, possibly by slowing down fermentation in the stomach of colobines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Effect of Diet on the Feces Quality in Javan Langur (Trachypithecus Auratus Auratus)

Nijboer¹,

Clauß²,

Olsthoorn³

et al. 2006

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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A high intake of easily fermentable carbohydrates and a low intake of fiber material are generally regarded as major factors affecting the health of captive langurs. The effect on fecal consistency of excluding fruits and vegetables from the diet was evaluated in Javan langurs (Trachypithecus auratus auratus). Cross-over trials were carried out at Rotterdam Zoo and at the Apenheul Zoo, The Netherlands. During the first and third dietary period, the langurs were fed their usual diet, which contained fruits, vegetables, langur pellets, and browse. During the second period, the vegetables and fruits were excluded from the diet and the diet essentially consisted of pellets and browse. Feces consistency was scored using a fecal score chart developed for langurs. During the second feeding period the feces consistency improved significantly in animals at both zoos. Across all trials, a firmer feces consistency was correlated with an increase in dietary cell wall (measured as neutral detergent fiber) and a decrease in dietary water. It is suggested that the combined decrease in the intake of soluble sugars, the increase of fiber intake, and a lower amount of dietary water in the diet resulted in more solid stools. The results indicate that a dietary neutral detergent fiber content of approximately 46% in dry matter will result in a feces consistency indicative of undisturbed gut function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of Diet on the Feces Quality in Javan Langur (Trachypithecus Auratus Auratus)

Nijboer¹,

Clauß²,

Olsthoorn³

et al. 2006

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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“…Red‐shanked doucs ( Pygathrix nemaeus ), specifically, have four‐chambered stomachs. This particular anatomical conformation more closely resembles the ruminant digestive system than that of colobines with tripartite stomachs (Chivers, ; Davies & Oates, ; Nijboer et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Colobine primates' multichambered stomachs are characterized as either tripartite, made up of three chambers, or quadripartite, made up of four chambers. Colobines with a quadripartite stomach have a presaccus, whereas colobines with a tripartite stomach do not (Chivers, ; Davies & Oates, ; Nijboer, Clauss, Everts, & Beynen, ). All colobine stomachs have a saccus gastricus, which in addition to the presaccus, are sites of bacterial fermentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All colobine stomachs have a saccus gastricus, which in addition to the presaccus, are sites of bacterial fermentation. The remaining two parts of the colobine stomach, the tubus gatricus and pars pylorica, are sites where enzymatic digestion occurs (Chivers, ; Davies & Oates, ; Nijboer et al, ). In addition to the multichambered stomach, bacterial fermentation occurs in the hindgut (cecum and proximal colon; Chivers, ; Davies & Oates, ; Nijboer et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial community structure and function distinguish gut sites in captive red‐shanked doucs (Pygathrix nemaeus)

Clayton

Shields-Cutler

Hoops

et al. 2019

American J Primatol

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The mammalian order primates contains wide species diversity. Members of the subfamily Colobinae are unique amongst extant primates in that their gastrointestinal systems more closely resemble those of ruminants than other members of the primate order. In the growing literature surrounding nonhuman primate microbiomes, analysis of microbial communities has been limited to the hindgut, since few studies have captured data on other gut sites, including the foregut of colobine primates. In this study, we used the red-shanked douc (Pygathrix nemaeus) as a model for colobine primates to study the relationship between gastrointestinal bacterial community structure and gut site within and between subjects. We analyzed fecal and pregastric stomach content samples, representative of the hindgut and foregut respectively, using 16S recombinant DNA (rDNA) sequencing and identified microbiota using closed-reference operational taxonomic unit (OTU) picking against the GreenGenes database. Our results show divergent bacterial communities clearly distinguish the foregut and hindgut microbiomes. We found higher bacterial biodiversity and a higher Firmicutes:Bacteroides ratio in the hindgut as opposed to the foregut. These gut sites showed strong associations with bacterial function. Specifically, energy metabolism was upregulated in the hindgut, whereas detoxification was increased in the foregut.Our results suggest a red-shanked douc's foregut microbiome is no more concordant with its own hindgut than it is with any other red-shanked douc's hindgut microbiome, thus reinforcing the notion that the bacterial communities of the foregut and hindgut are distinctly unique. K E Y W O R D S colobine, ecology, microbiome, primate 1 | INTRODUCTION Understanding the structure and function of the gut microbiome in our closest evolutionary relatives, nonhuman primates, has the potential to shed light on how we have coevolved with our own gut microbiomes. While humans and nonhuman primates are closely related, there are major species-to-species differences in appearance and behavior, including countless differences in dietary preference.Of specific interest are the colobines, which have unique anatomy, physiology, and ecology, compared with noncolobine extant primates.Colobines are folivorous Old World monkeys with specialized gastrointestinal (GI) systems that bear close resemblance to those of ruminants, allowing them to exploit feeding niches unique among primates

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Effects of two dietary fiber levels on nutrient digestibility and intestinal fermentation products in captive brown howler monkeys (Alouatta guariba)

Carneiro¹,

Moreno²,

Fernandes

et al. 2021

American J Primatol

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Herbivorous primates present a selective consumption profile and morphological adaptations to use the fibrous fraction of their diets. Brown howler monkeys (Alouatta guariba) are generalist herbivores; however, when kept under human care, they usually receive diets rich in fruits and with insufficient amounts of fiber. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of two levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in howlers on apparent total tract digestibility coefficients (ATTDC), fecal consistency, and intestinal fermentation products. A group of 26 adult howler monkeys, 13 males and 13 females, were fed two diets formulated

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Nutrition: Chemical analysis and consistency of faeces produced by captive monkeys (françois langurs,trachypithecus françoisi) fed supplemental fibre

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Effect of Diet on the Feces Quality in Javan Langur (Trachypithecus Auratus Auratus)

Effect of Diet on the Feces Quality in Javan Langur (Trachypithecus Auratus Auratus)

Bacterial community structure and function distinguish gut sites in captive red‐shanked doucs (Pygathrix nemaeus)

Effects of two dietary fiber levels on nutrient digestibility and intestinal fermentation products in captive brown howler monkeys (Alouatta guariba)

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