Nutrition and Exercise: Effects on Adolescent Health

Meredith, C. N.; Dwyer, Johanna

doi:10.1146/annurev.pu.12.050191.001521

Cited by 55 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Longitudinal studies in Europe demonstrated that behavioral changes following puberty affect the physical shape, ie physical activities drop by 50% between the ages of 12 and 18, when the boys are consistently more active than the girls. 18 A similar decrease occurred in the prevalence of regular, vigorous activity among American adolescents. The National Children and Youth Fitness Study conducted in 1984 showed that 61.7% of students in grades 10 ± 12 participated in vigorous physical activity for 20 or more minutes three or more days per week; in 1990, data from Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System showed that only 36.1% of students in grades 10 ± 12 reported doing so.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…16,17 Among women, the spurt of thin-mass deposition is short and the fat deposition predominates throughout puberty. 18 Differences regarding physical activities may also explain the variation in the prevalence of overweight between the sexes. Longitudinal studies in Europe demonstrated that behavioral changes following puberty affect the physical shape, ie physical activities drop by 50% between the ages of 12 and 18, when the boys are consistently more active than the girls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overweight and obesity in Brazilian adolescents

et al. 2000

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and 3 Fundac Ëa Äo Seade, Brazil OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity (OW O) among Brazilian adolescents and to identify risks for subpopulations de®ned according to the ®ve country macro-regions and situation (urban±rural) of the domiciles, income, years of school attendance, age and sex. DESIGN: A nationwide home-based survey representative of the Brazilian civilian noninstitutionalized population, performed in 1989. METHODS: The sampling plans followed a strati®ed, multistage, probability cluster design in The National Research of Health and Nutrition sample, which collected anthropometric data of 14,455 domiciles. In all, 13,715 adolescents ranging from 10 to 19 y of age were studied. The OW O was de®ned from a body mass index (BMI) equal or superior to the 85th percentile of the reference population of the NCHS. The prevalences in the different studied groups were compared using the adjusted odds ratio in logistic regression models. RESULTS: The prevalence of OW O was of 7.7%, reaching 10.6% within the female group and 4.8% within the male group. A direct relation could be established between the socioeconomic level and OW O. Adolescents of the most industrialized region of the country presented a risk of OW O 1.86 (95% CI 1.51 ± 2.30) times higher than that found in the least developed region. Male youngsters who lived in urban areas were more liable (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.30 ± 2.25) to overweight than their counterparts of rural areas. The occurrence of menarche increased two and a half times (OR 2.58, 95% CI 2.11 ± 3.15) the risk of OW O within the female group of adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate a low prevalence of OW O among Brazilian adolescents when compared with adolescents of more industrialized regions. The OW O is twice as high within the female group, which represents a much greater difference than the one encountered in industrialized countries, probably owing to the muscular work carried out preponderantly by male adolescents of lower socioeconomic levels. Higher prevalences in subpopulations of higher socioeconomic level and of more industrialized regions show the great need for differentiated actions to control overweight and obesity in the country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overweight and obesity in Brazilian adolescents

et al. 2000

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“…Since the spur of height in boys is higher than in girls, the BMI of boys appears to be lower than girls. Moreover, boys lose fat during puberty faster than girls (Forbes, 1977;Poskitt, 1989), but girls still store more fat during the spurt of height than boys and the fat deposition among girls continues throughout puberty (Meredith & Dwyer, 1991). The differences in obesity between the sexes may further be explained by the differences in the level of physical activity between them; boys tend to be more physically active than girls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass index, overweight and obesity among Kuwaiti intermediate school adolescents aged 10–14 years

2004

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objectives: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the levels of overweight and obesity among Kuwaiti intermediate school adolescents aged 10-14 y. The study comprised a multistage stratified random sample of 14659 adolescents (7205 males and 7454 females), which constitutes approximately 17% of the target population of this school level. Methods: Weights and heights of the adolescents were measured, from which the body mass index (BMI), which is the weight in kilograms divided by the height in meters squared (kg/m 2 ), was calculated. Overweight and obesity were defined as BMI 485th and 495th centiles, respectively, of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reference data. Results: The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity among males were 30.0 and 14.7%, respectively (Po0.001). The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity among females were 31.8 and 13.1%, respectively (Po0.001 and Po0.01). There was no consistent rise or decline in overweight and obesity in both genders with respect to age. However, the overall prevalence of overweight was lower in males than in females but obesity was higher in males than in females. Conclusion: When compared to the NCHS reference population, the BMI of Kuwaiti adolescents exceeded that of the Americans in each centile category Z50th centile. Health education programmes should be instituted to control this syndrome in order to prevent future risk of obesity-related diseases.

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“…Es evidente, por otro lado, que estamos ante un momento crítico en tanto que los hábitos desarrollados durante esta etapa, pueden continuar durante la edad adulta (Livingstone, 1994;Meredith et al, 1991;Sallis et al, 1991;Taylor et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Los factores ambientales y su influencia en los patrones de actividad física en adolescentes. (The environmental factors and their influence in the patterns of physical activity in adolescents.)

Casterad

Puyal

Gurrola

et al. 2006

Rev. int. cienc. deporte

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Los factores ambientales y su influencia en los patrones de Los factores ambientales y su influencia en los patrones de actividad física en adolescentes. actividad física en adolescentes.The environmental factors and their influence in the The environmental factors and their influence in the patterns of physical activity in adolescents. patterns of physical activity in adolescents.Zaragoza Casterad, Javier La mayoría de estudios demuestran; a) un descenso de la actividad física (AF) que coincide con la adolescencia, sobre todo en población femenina, b) durante la primavera y la jornada escolar se realiza mayor AF que durante el invierno o el fin de semana, siendo esta actividad fundamentalmente moderada. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar los niveles de actividad física de los adolescentes de dos poblaciones aragonesas (Zaragoza y Sabiñánigo). Para ello hemos utilizado el "Four by one-day Physical Activity Questionnaire". Los resultados de nuestro estudio señalan que: e l g a s t o e n e r g é t i c o R e s u m e n Correspondencia: Dr. Zaragoza Casterad Javier. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la Educación. Universidad de Zaragoza. E-mail: zaragoza@unizar.es Palabras clave: Adolescencia, Niveles de actividad física, Gasto energético, promoción de la actividad física Key Words: Teenagers, Levels of physical activity, energy expenditure, physical activity promotion. total derivado de la práctica de actividad física, es mayor en la zona rural estudiada; mientras que el gasto energético derivado de la jornada escolar tanto de invierno como de primavera es mayor en la población urbana estudiada, el gasto energético derivado del fin de semana tanto de invierno como de primavera es mayor en la población rural; es mayor la actividad física realizada por los hombres que por las mujeres solo en el caso de la población urbana estudiada; predominan las actividades ligeras o muy ligeras en ambos sexos y poblaciones; encontramos una relación significativa entre las horas que ven televisión y la práctica de AF.

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Nutrition and Exercise: Effects on Adolescent Health

Cited by 55 publications

References 84 publications

Overweight and obesity in Brazilian adolescents

Overweight and obesity in Brazilian adolescents

Body mass index, overweight and obesity among Kuwaiti intermediate school adolescents aged 10–14 years

Los factores ambientales y su influencia en los patrones de actividad física en adolescentes. (The environmental factors and their influence in the patterns of physical activity in adolescents.)

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