Nutrition and Dementia: Evidence for Preventive Approaches?

Canevelli, Marco; Lucchini, Flaminia; Quarata, Federica; Bruno, Giuseppe; Cesari, Matteo

doi:10.3390/nu8030144

Cited by 67 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[1] Blunt thoracic trauma accounts for nearly 10% of all trauma cases admitted to emergency departments. [2,3] Trauma related thoracic injuries are considerable causes of morbidity and mortality in trauma cases.…”

Section: Original Article Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac findings of sternal fractures due to the thoracic trauma: A five year retrospective study

Ulusan¹

2017

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg

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Section: Original Article Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac findings of sternal fractures due to the thoracic trauma: A five year retrospective study

Ulusan¹

2017

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg

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“…These factors combined account for more than half of the attributable risk for AD . The most difficult of these factors to address is diet because it is highly dependent on income and access to fresh foods . In a 16‐year observational study of 949 individuals using the Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) measure of modifiable risk factors, a 1‐point increase in LIBRA score was associated with a 19% greater risk of dementia .…”

Section: Lifestyle Modification Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 The most difficult of these factors to address is diet because it is highly dependent on income and access to fresh foods. 10 In a 16-year observational study of 949 individuals using the Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) measure of modifiable risk factors, a 1-point increase in LIBRA score was associated with a 19% greater risk of dementia. 11 In a metaanalyses of 19 studies, cognitive leisure activities, 12 including crossword puzzles, card games, computer use, arts and crafts, life-long learning, group discussions, and music, had a protective effect (odds ratio (OR) = 0.58).…”

Section: Modifiable Lifestyle Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease: Lessons Learned and Applied

Galvin

2017

J American Geriatrics Society

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects over 5 million Americans with substantial consequences to patients, families and society that will only continue to be a significant cause of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. With disease-modifying treatment trials unsuccessful at the present time and only symptomatic medications available, an emerging approach is the creation of prevention trials. Advances in diagnostic criteria, biomarker development and improved understanding of the biophysiological basis of AD make these initiatives feasible. Ongoing pharmacological trials using anti-amyloid therapies are underway in sporadic and genetic forms of AD. However, a large number of modifiable risk factors for AD have been identified in observational studies, many of which do not appear to exert effects via amyloid or tau. This suggests that prevention studies focusing on risk reduction and lifestyle modification may offer additional benefits. Rather than relying solely on large sample, long duration randomized clinical trial designs; a precision medicine approach using N-of-1 trials may provide more rapid results on whether personalized prevention plans can improve patient-centered outcomes. As there appear to be multiple pathways to develop AD, there may also be multiple ways to prevent or delay the onset of AD. Even if these precision approaches alone are not successful in preventing AD, they may greatly improve the likelihood of amyloid- or tau-specific therapies to reach their endpoints by reducing co-morbidities. Keeping this in mind, dementia may be as a disorder that develops over a lifetime, with individualized ways to build a better brain as we age.

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“…Importantly, in this study poor appetite was associated with an increased risk of hospital acquired infection and death in the subsequent 6 months. Among older people malnutrition is also associated with frailty, sarcopenia and dementia (13)(14)(15) .…”

Section: Causes For Poor Nutrition Among Older Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing the food environment: the effect of trained volunteers on mealtime care for older people in hospital

Roberts

2017

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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This review will describe the evidence for changing the hospital environment to improve nutrition of older people, with particular emphasis on the role of additional mealtime assistance. Poor nutrition among older people in hospital is well recognised in many countries and is associated with poor outcomes of hospital care including increased mortality and longer lengths of stay. Factors recognised to contribute to poor dietary intake include acute illness, co-morbidities, cognitive impairment, low mood and medication. The hospital environment has also been scrutinised with reports from many countries of food being placed out of reach or going cold because time-pressured ward and catering staff often struggle to help an increasingly dependent group of patients at mealtimes. Routine screening in hospital for people at risk of under nutrition is recommended. Coloured trays and protected mealtimes are widespread although there is relatively little evidence for their impact on dietary intake. Volunteers can be trained to sfely give additional mealtime assistance including feeding to older patients on acute medical wards. They can improve the quality of mealtime care for patients and nursing staff although the evidence for improved dietary intake is mixed. In conclusion, improving the nutrition of older patients in hospital is challenging. Initiatives such as routine screening, the use of coloured trays, protected mealtimes and additional mealtime assistance can work together synergistically. Volunteers are likely to be increasingly important in an era when healthcare systems are generally limited in both financial resources and the ability to recruit sufficient nursing staff.

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Nutrition and Dementia: Evidence for Preventive Approaches?

Cited by 67 publications

References 29 publications

Cardiac findings of sternal fractures due to the thoracic trauma: A five year retrospective study

Cardiac findings of sternal fractures due to the thoracic trauma: A five year retrospective study

Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease: Lessons Learned and Applied

Changing the food environment: the effect of trained volunteers on mealtime care for older people in hospital

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