Nutrition and Cancer Risk from the Viewpoint of the Intestinal Microbiome

Tanaka, Yasue; Shimizu, Shin; Shirotani, Masahiko; Yorozu, Kensho; Kitamura, Kunihiro; Oehorumu, Masayuki; Kawai, Yuichi; Fukuzawa, Yoshitaka

doi:10.3390/nu13103326

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Changes in the gut microbes induced by pulmonary infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae and associated antibiotic and fecal microbiota transplantation therapy Increasing evidence shows that there is a close relationship between the gut microbes and various systemic diseases (Tanaka et al, 2021;Spence, 2023), and identification of the gut-lung axis highlights the correlation between the gut microbes and lung diseases (Budden et al, 2017). We used metagenomic sequencing analysis to observe the changes in gut microbes in each group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbes improve prognosis of Klebsiella pneumoniae pulmonary infection through the lung-gut axis

Tang,

Chen,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundThe gut microbiota plays a vital role in the development of sepsis and in protecting against pneumonia. Previous studies have demonstrated the existence of the gut-lung axis and the interaction between the gut and the lung, which is related to the prognosis of critically ill patients; however, most of these studies focused on chronic lung diseases and influenza virus infections. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on Klebsiella pneumoniae-related pulmonary infection via the gut-lung axis and to compare the effects of FMT with those of traditional antibiotics to identify new therapeutic strategies.MethodsWe divided the mice into six groups: the blank control (PBS), pneumonia-derived sepsis (KP), pneumonia-derived sepsis + antibiotic (KP + PIP), pneumonia-derived sepsis + faecal microbiota transplantation(KP + FMT), antibiotic treatment control (KP+PIP+PBS), and pneumonia-derived sepsis+ antibiotic + faecal microbiota transplantation (KP + PIP + FMT) groups to compare the survival of mice, lung injury, inflammation response, airway barrier function and the intestinal flora, metabolites and drug resistance genes in each group.ResultsAlterations in specific intestinal flora can occur in the gut of patients with pneumonia-derived sepsis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Compared with those in the faecal microbiota transplantation group, the antibiotic treatment group had lower levels of proinflammatory factors and higher levels of anti-inflammatory factors but less amelioration of lung pathology and improvement of airway epithelial barrier function. Additionally, the increase in opportunistic pathogens and drug resistance-related genes in the gut of mice was accompanied by decreased production of favourable fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, decanoic acid, and secondary bile acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate, isodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, and 3-dehydrocholic acid; the levels of these metabolites were restored by faecal microbiota transplantation. Faecal microbiota transplantation after antibiotic treatment can gradually ameliorate gut microbiota disorder caused by antibiotic treatment and reduce the number of drug resistance genes induced by antibiotics.ConclusionIn contrast to direct antibiotic treatment, faecal microbiota transplantation improves the prognosis of mice with pneumonia-derived sepsis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae by improving the structure of the intestinal flora and increasing the level of beneficial metabolites, fatty acids and secondary bile acids, thereby reducing systemic inflammation, repairing the barrier function of alveolar epithelial cells, and alleviating pathological damage to the lungs. The combination of antibiotics with faecal microbiota transplantation significantly alleviates intestinal microbiota disorder, reduces the selection for drug resistance genes caused by antibiotics, and mitigates lung lesions; these effects are superior to those following antibiotic monotherapy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbes improve prognosis of Klebsiella pneumoniae pulmonary infection through the lung-gut axis

Tang,

Chen,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…These regional disparities in incidence rates may be attributed to a combination of factors, including differences in risk factors, socioeconomic status, and access to healthcare services. Understanding these regional variations can help tailor cancer control strategies and allocate resources more effectively [19][20][21][22]. Overall, the distribution reveals regional differences in GI incidence, highlighting the need for further investigation into potential factors contributing to these variations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and Patterns of Digestive Organ Cancer in Georgia: Insights from a Population-Based Registry Study in 2021

Nonikashvili

Kereselidze

Toidze

et al. 2023

JPM

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Digestive organ cancer, also known as gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, refers to cancer that occurs in the digestive tract. In this population-based registry study, we aimed to investigate the incidence of GI in Georgia and to identify any patterns in the occurrence of different types of this disease. The study included all cases of GI cancer that were diagnosed in Georgia in 2021. We analyzed 1635 patients’ data to determine the overall and age-standardized incidence of GI cancer in the country. The analyses were performed for esophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, anus, liver and intrahepatic bile ducts, gallbladder, and pancreas separately. The descriptive statistics used in the study—specifically counts, means, proportions, and rates—were calculated using the statistical software STATA version 17.0. (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA). The results of the study showed that the incidence of digestive organ cancer in Georgia was similar to the global average. However, there were some notable differences in the specific types of GI cancer that were most common in the country. Overall, this study provides important insights into the incidence of digestive organ cancer in Georgia and highlights the need for further research to better understand the factors that contribute to this disease.

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“…Si-based agents are still in the research stage using animal disease models, and the only clinical specification to date is a report on the improvement of the intestinal environment of cancer patients following the administration of a Si-based agent [63]. Therefore, the efficacy of Si-based agents should be investigated further in future clinical studies.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse Possibilities of Si-Based Agent, a Unique New Antioxidant

Koyama

Kobayashi

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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Antioxidant therapy is an effective approach for treating diseases in which oxidative stress is involved in the onset of symptoms. This approach aims to rapidly replenish the antioxidant substances in the body when they are depleted due to excess oxidative stress. Importantly, a supplemented antioxidant must specifically eliminate harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) without reacting with physiologically beneficial ROS, which are important to the body. In this regard, typically used antioxidant therapies can be effective, but may cause adverse effects due to their lack of specificity. We believe that Si-based agents are epoch-making drugs that can overcome these problems associated with current antioxidative therapy. These agents alleviate the symptoms of oxidative-stress-associated diseases by generating large amounts of the antioxidant hydrogen in the body. Moreover, Si-based agents are expected to be highly effective therapeutic drug candidates because they have anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant effects. In this review, we discuss Si-based agents and their potential future applications in antioxidant therapy. There have been several reports of hydrogen generation from silicon nanoparticles, but unfortunately, none have been approved as pharmaceutical agents. Therefore, we believe that our research into medical applications using Si-based agents is a breakthrough in this research field. The knowledge obtained thus far from animal models of pathology may greatly contribute to the improvement of existing treatment methods and the development of new treatment methods. We hope that this review will further revitalize the research field of antioxidants and lead to the commercialization of Si-based agents.

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Nutrition and Cancer Risk from the Viewpoint of the Intestinal Microbiome

Cited by 10 publications

References 102 publications

Gut microbes improve prognosis of Klebsiella pneumoniae pulmonary infection through the lung-gut axis

Gut microbes improve prognosis of Klebsiella pneumoniae pulmonary infection through the lung-gut axis

Incidence and Patterns of Digestive Organ Cancer in Georgia: Insights from a Population-Based Registry Study in 2021

Diverse Possibilities of Si-Based Agent, a Unique New Antioxidant

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