Nutrition and Brain Development

Cusick, Sarah E.; Barks, Amanda; Georgieff, Michael

doi:10.1007/7854_2021_244

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 191 publications

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“…Interestingly, prenatal choline had a significant effect on both ATAC and H3K9me3 changes in the IS group, particularly among loci regulating neurotransmission and opioid signaling, suggesting either excessive dosing or duration of choline treatment. Thus, more studies assessing choline dose-responses are needed in order to identify appropriate dosing for its proposed used as an adjunct therapy for early-life ID anemia [ 52 ]. Collectively, these findings reveal a lasting consequence of early-life ID and prenatal choline on the adult male rat hippocampal epigenome.…”

Section: Discusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromatin accessibility and H3K9me3 landscapes reveal long-term epigenetic effects of fetal-neonatal iron deficiency in rat hippocampus

Liu,

Ramakrishnan,

Shen

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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Background Iron deficiency (ID) during the fetal-neonatal period results in long-term neurodevelopmental impairments associated with pervasive hippocampal gene dysregulation. Prenatal choline supplementation partially normalizes these effects, suggesting an interaction between iron and choline in hippocampal transcriptome regulation. To understand the regulatory mechanisms, we investigated epigenetic marks of genes with altered chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) or poised to be repressed (H3K9me3 ChIP-seq) in iron-repleted adult rats having experienced fetal-neonatal ID exposure with or without prenatal choline supplementation. Results Fetal-neonatal ID was induced by limiting maternal iron intake from gestational day (G) 2 through postnatal day (P) 7. Half of the pregnant dams were given supplemental choline (5.0 g/kg) from G11–18. This resulted in 4 groups at P65 (Iron-sufficient [IS], Formerly Iron-deficient [FID], IS with choline [ISch], and FID with choline [FIDch]). Hippocampi were collected from P65 iron-repleted male offspring and analyzed for chromatin accessibility and H3K9me3 enrichment. 22% and 24% of differentially transcribed genes in FID- and FIDch-groups, respectively, exhibited significant differences in chromatin accessibility, whereas 1.7% and 13% exhibited significant differences in H3K9me3 enrichment. These changes mapped onto gene networks regulating synaptic plasticity, neuroinflammation, and reward circuits. Motif analysis of differentially modified genomic sites revealed significantly stronger choline effects than early-life ID and identified multiple epigenetically modified transcription factor binding sites. Conclusions This study reveals genome-wide, stable epigenetic changes and epigenetically modifiable gene networks associated with specific chromatin marks in the hippocampus, and lays a foundation to further elucidate iron-dependent epigenetic mechanisms that underlie the long-term effects of fetal-neonatal ID, choline, and their interactions.

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Section: Discusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromatin accessibility and H3K9me3 landscapes reveal long-term epigenetic effects of fetal-neonatal iron deficiency in rat hippocampus

Liu,

Ramakrishnan,

Shen

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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“…Desde el período de la gestación hasta los momentos críticos después del nacimiento y la adolescencia, el cerebro está en continuo desarrollo y es muy sensible al entorno alimentario y nutricional pre- y posnatal [ 23 , 24 ]. La corteza cerebral sigue madurando hasta los 20 años [ 25 ].…”

Section: Desarrollounclassified

Efectos del sobrepeso y la obesidad en las funciones cognitivas de niños y adolescentes

Nicolovius¹

2022

RevNeurol

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Introducción. Investigaciones recientes sugieren que el sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños y adolescentes afectan a los procesos cognitivos y pueden alterar el aprendizaje escolar. En particular, las denominadas funciones ejecutivas, como la capacidad de inhibición de la respuesta, el control de la impulsividad, la flexibilidad cognitiva, la planificación y la toma de decisiones, se han relacionado de forma inversa con el índice de masa corporal. Objetivo. Este trabajo pretende examinar las hipótesis neurobiológicas y psicológicas que explican por qué el sobrepeso y la obesidad alteran las funciones cognitivas de niños y adolescentes. Desarrollo. Las dietas ricas en grasas y azúcares pueden provocar hiperinsulinemia, dislipidemia, hipertensión, aumento del tejido adiposo abdominal y resistencia a la insulina y a la leptina. Estas alteraciones metabólicas inducen un proceso inflamatorio sistémico periférico que puede afectar a la barrera hematoencefálica y al funcionamiento cerebral de regiones vinculadas a los procesos de atención y de aprendizaje y memoria. Algunos trastornos metabólicos de la madre gestante, la obesidad durante el embarazo y las experiencias traumáticas pre- y posnatales pueden desencadenar cambios en el control de la ingesta de comida en niños y adolescentes e inducir sobrepeso en sus etapas críticas del desarrollo. La obesidad afecta al funcionamiento del hipocampo y produce disminución de la sustancia gris de la corteza prefrontal, modificando con ello las capacidades cognitivas, especialmente las funciones ejecutivas. Conclusiones. El sobrepeso y la obesidad en la infancia y la adolescencia son un factor de riesgo no sólo para la salud general, sino también para el correcto desarrollo cerebral y de las funciones cognitivas, y pueden, por tanto, conducir al fracaso escolar.

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Greater Neighborhood Disadvantage Is Associated with Alterations in Fetal Functional Brain Network Structure

Cook,

De Asis-Cruz,

Sitrin

et al. 2024

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Nutrition and Brain Development

Cited by 5 publications

References 191 publications

Chromatin accessibility and H3K9me3 landscapes reveal long-term epigenetic effects of fetal-neonatal iron deficiency in rat hippocampus

Chromatin accessibility and H3K9me3 landscapes reveal long-term epigenetic effects of fetal-neonatal iron deficiency in rat hippocampus

Efectos del sobrepeso y la obesidad en las funciones cognitivas de niños y adolescentes

Greater Neighborhood Disadvantage Is Associated with Alterations in Fetal Functional Brain Network Structure

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