Nutrients restriction upregulates adiponectin in epicardial or subcutaneous adipose tissue: impact in de novo heart failure patients

Abstract

Background: Hyperadiponectinemia is an indicator of worse outcomes in advanced heart failure (HF), its role in de novo HF is less clear.Objective: Because this protein is a hormone with starvation properties, we wanted to know its association with nutritional state and its regulator factors in de novo HF.Methods: Adiponectin circulating levels were determined by ELISA at discharge in patients admitted for de novo HF (n=74). Nutritional status was determined by CONUT score. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to calculate the estimated hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for death or all-cause readmission. Stromal vascular cells (SVC) of EAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from patients (n=5) underwent heart surgery were induced to adipogenesis for 18 days. Then, cells were cultured with complete or starved medium for 8 hours. At the end, adiponectin expression levels were analysed by real time polymerase chain reaction.Results: Patients were grouped regarding nutritional status. There was a strong association between high adiponectin levels and failing nutritional status. Those patients with worse nutritional state had the highest adiponectin and proBNP levels at discharge (p<0.01). Both proteins were slightly correlated (p<0.05). However, only high adiponectin levels were independently associated with death or all-cause readmission. Nutrients starvation upregulated adiponectin expression levels in adipogenesis-induced SVC from EAT or SAT.Conclusions: Worse nutritional state in de novo HF patients is associated with higher adiponectin plasma levels. Their levels were upregulated in adipose cells after being nutrients-starved. These results may help us to understand the adiponectin paradox in HF.

Blood SIRT1 Shows a Coherent Association with Leptin and Adiponectin in Relation to the Degree and Distribution of Adiposity: A Study in Obesity, Normal Weight and Anorexia Nervosa

“…We recorded a high R 2 coefficient of SIRT1 and adiponectin with the cardiac visceral EFT in the group of patients with obesity. These data confirm our previous observation of the negative correlation of SIRT1 with EFT [18], and are in line with the finding that nutrient restriction upregulates adiponectin in epicardial fat [8].…”

“…Leptin receptor mutant db/db mice [46] as well as leptin-deficient ob/ob mice [47] show a lack of SIRT1 activation in the hypothalamus in response to CR. According to previous studies, we found that the depletion of fat stores in AN is accompanied by a decrease of circulating leptin and a concomitant increase in adiponectin [8,39]. These evidences, coupled with our data on SIRT1, confirm that CR is a powerful stimulus for plasma SIRT1, and suggest that adiponectin, leptin and SIRT1 move peripherally in a coordinated manner, keeping metabolic flexibility against the metabolic damages in AN [6,39,48].…”

“…Adiponectin, the circulating levels of which negatively correlate with obesity, increases the adipose tissue metabolic flexibility [6] and has antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, vasoprotective and insulin-sensitizing properties [7]. Nutrient restriction increases adiponectin in subcutaneous adipose tissue [8], and the excess of visceral fat implies adiponectin decrease, followed by a pro-inflammatory state associated with diseases [2].…”

A quantitative detection of Cardiotrophin‐1 in chronic heart failure by chemiluminescence immunoassay

“…1 As CHF is often characterized by obscure symptoms, associating with a variety of pathophysiological and biochemical diseases, its early diagnosis is challenging. 2,3 BNP or pro-BNP has identified as an objective indicator for the diagnosis of heart failure and is currently recommended by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for CHF diagnosis. 4 However, BNP/pro-BNP significantly varies regarding non-cardiac factors, such as age, gender, race, renal function result in low specificity for CHF diagnosis.…”

“…Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a global public health concern greatly impacting patient's quality of life, and inflicting significant morbidity and mortality 1 . As CHF is often characterized by obscure symptoms, associating with a variety of pathophysiological and biochemical diseases, its early diagnosis is challenging 2,3 . BNP or pro‐BNP has identified as an objective indicator for the diagnosis of heart failure and is currently recommended by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for CHF diagnosis 4 .…”