“…YC00, the flocculation efficiency of > 60 % was noted at pH 10 which had increased to 86 % when pH was raised to 13 [ 43 ]. Chen et al [ 44 ] have also reported the increase in removal efficiency of self-flocculating microalge Desmodesmus sp. PW1 from 70 % to > 90 % when culture pH was increased from 3 to 12.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana 211−8 k, showed lowest removal effiency of 8.6 % at pH 9, whereas the highest flocculation efficiency of 97 % was noted at pH 13 [ 45 ]. The observed variation in the flocculation efficiency could have occurred due to change in the surface charge (Zeta potential) of the microalgal cell at changed pH conditions, which would have affected the flocculation capabilities of microalgal cells [ 44 , 28 ].Moreover, it has been reported that change in pH affects the dissolution of metal ions and the surface composition of microalgal cells are also affected [ 46 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…More than 10 % increase in flocculation efficiency was observed at 20 mM of Fe 3+, and more than a 20 % increase in flocculation than control was exhibited when 20 mM of Al 3+ metal salts were provided to microalgal culture. Chen et al [ 48 ] also reported that the metal ions Na + , K +, and Mg 2+ have no significant effect on the flocculation of microalgal strain Desmodesmus sp. PW1.…”
“…YC00, the flocculation efficiency of > 60 % was noted at pH 10 which had increased to 86 % when pH was raised to 13 [ 43 ]. Chen et al [ 44 ] have also reported the increase in removal efficiency of self-flocculating microalge Desmodesmus sp. PW1 from 70 % to > 90 % when culture pH was increased from 3 to 12.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana 211−8 k, showed lowest removal effiency of 8.6 % at pH 9, whereas the highest flocculation efficiency of 97 % was noted at pH 13 [ 45 ]. The observed variation in the flocculation efficiency could have occurred due to change in the surface charge (Zeta potential) of the microalgal cell at changed pH conditions, which would have affected the flocculation capabilities of microalgal cells [ 44 , 28 ].Moreover, it has been reported that change in pH affects the dissolution of metal ions and the surface composition of microalgal cells are also affected [ 46 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…More than 10 % increase in flocculation efficiency was observed at 20 mM of Fe 3+, and more than a 20 % increase in flocculation than control was exhibited when 20 mM of Al 3+ metal salts were provided to microalgal culture. Chen et al [ 48 ] also reported that the metal ions Na + , K +, and Mg 2+ have no significant effect on the flocculation of microalgal strain Desmodesmus sp. PW1.…”
“…As expected, MBBR had no contribution to phosphorus removal (Figure 2(d)). The biological removal of phosphorus is based on the phosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) under anaerobic and aerobic or anoxic conditions through sludge recycling [33]. The aerobic process of MBBR cannot enrich PAOs in the biofilm, which causes phosphorus accumulation in the system.…”
Section: Long-term Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removalmentioning
Rather than direct nutrient removal from wastewaters, an alternative approach aimed at nutrient recovery from aquacultural wastewaters could enable sustainable management for aquaculture production. This study demonstrated the feasibility of cultivating marine macroalgae (Chaetomorpha maxima) with a moving bed bioreactor (MBBR-MA), to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in aquaculture wastewater as well as to produce macroalgae biomass. MBBR-MA significantly increased the simultaneous removal of nitrate and phosphate in comparison with only MBBR, resulting in an average total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiency of 42.8±5.5% and 83.7±7.7%, respectively, in MBBR-MA while MBBR had no capacity for TN and TP removal. No chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was detected in both reactors. Phosphorus could be a limiting factor for nitrogen uptake when N : P ratio increased. The recovered nitrogen and phosphorus resulted in a specific growth rate of 3.86%–10.35%/day for C. maxima with an uptake N : P ratio of 6. The presence of macroalgae changed the microbial community in both the biofilter and water by decreasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Nitrospirae and increasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes. These findings indicate that the integration of the macroalgae C. maxima with MBBR could represent an effective wastewater treatment option, especially for marine recirculating aquaculture systems.
“…It has been demonstrated to detoxify wastewater and has resistance to high metal toxicity (Rugnini et al, 2017(Rugnini et al, , 2018. Desmodesmus species have been shown to survive temperature fluctuations of 45°C for 24 h, with ,13% heat-related mortality, and to flocculate readily inside ;2.5 h of settling (Pan et al, 2011;Chen et al, 2020). D. armatus naturally produces commercially valuable nutraceuticals such as lutein and lycopene and can accumulate lipids up to 50% of their dry-weight biomass (Pan et al, 2011).…”
The green alga Desmodesmus armatus is an emerging biofuel platform that produces high amounts of lipids and biomass in mass culture. We observed D. armatus in light-limiting, excess-light, and sinusoidal-light environments to investigate its photoacclimation behaviors and the mechanisms by which it dissipates excess energy. Chlorophyll a/b ratios and the functional absorption cross section of PSII suggested a constitutively small light-harvesting antenna size relative to other green algae. In situ and ex situ measurements of photo-physiology revealed that nonphotochemical quenching is not a significant contributor to photoprotection; however, cells do not suffer substantial photoinhibition despite its near absence. We performed membrane inlet mass spectrometry analysis to show that D. armatus has a very high capacity for alternative electron transport (AET) measured as light-dependent oxygen consumption. Up to 90% of electrons generated at PSII can be dissipated by AET in a water-water cycle during growth in rapidly fluctuating light environments, like those found in industrial-scale photobioreactors. This work highlights the diversity of photoprotective mechanisms present in algal systems, indicating that nonphotochemical quenching is not necessarily required for effective photoprotection in some algae, and suggests that engineering AET may be an attractive target for increasing the biomass productivity of some strains.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
