Nutrients and water masses at the mouth of the Gulf of California

Warsh, C.; Warsh, K. L.; Staley, R.C.

doi:10.1016/0011-7471(73)90080-6

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…6 and 7, center panels). Warsh et al (1973) argued that the shallow salinity minimum in the entrance of the Gulf of California was a mixture of subsurface CCW and TSW, but the latter is too shallow (see Table 1) and overlays waters too low both in density and in salinity to modify the minimum as observed (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Shallow Salinity Minimummentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Previous studies in the TPCM Lavín et al 2009;Cepeda-Morales et al 2013) based their classification of these water masses on the work of Torres Orozco (1993). In this thesis work, performed in the Gulf of California, the author unified different existing criteria (e.g., Wyrtki 1967;Warsh et al 1973;Álvarez-Borrego and Schwartzlose 1979;Bray 1988;Robles and Marinone 1987) for the water masses limits, based on their characteristics in the Gulf rather than in their source areas. The improved resolution of our database allowed us to use the characteristics of the water masses observed in their ultimate source area and to consider the complete seasonal cycle to establish their limits.…”

Section: A Water Masses Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Masses and Circulation in the Tropical Pacific off Central Mexico and Surrounding Areas

Portela

Beier

Barton

et al. 2016

Journal of Physical Oceanography

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The seasonal variations and the interactions of the water masses in the tropical Pacific off central Mexico (TPCM) and four surrounding areas were examined based on an extensive new hydrographic database. The regional water masses were redefined in terms of absolute salinity (S A ) and conservative temperature (Q) according to the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10). Hydrographic data and the evaporation minus (precipitation 1 runoff) balance were used to investigate the origin and seasonality of two salinity minima in the area. The shallow (50-100 m) salinity minimum originates with the California Current System and becomes saltier as it extends southeastward and mixes with tropical subsurface waters while the surface salinity minimum extends farther north in the TPCM in summer and fall because of the northward advection of tropical surface waters. The interactions between water masses allow a characterization of the seasonal pattern of circulation of the Mexican Coastal Current (MCC), the tropical branch of the California Current, and the flows through the entrance of the Gulf of California. The seasonality of the MCC inferred from the distribution of the water masses largely coincides with the geostrophic circulation forced by an annual Rossby wave.

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Section: Shallow Salinity Minimummentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: A Water Masses Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Masses and Circulation in the Tropical Pacific off Central Mexico and Surrounding Areas

Portela

Beier

Barton

et al. 2016

Journal of Physical Oceanography

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“…Dicho frente se manifiesta desde la superficie hasta 120 m de profundidad, y se debe al encuentro de diferentes masas de agua: Agua del Golfo de California, Agua de la Corriente de California y Agua del Pacífico Subtropical Nororiental (Griffiths 1963). Warsh et al (1973) identificaron una cuarta masa de agua que también puede influir en la formación del frente, el Agua Subtropical Subsuperficial del Pacífico nororiental, localizada a 50-200 m de profundidad. California Current, and maximum upwelling index values (Bakun and Nelson 1977).…”

Section: áReas De Estudiounclassified

“…The front extends from the surface down to 120 m depth, and it is formed by the confluence of different water masses: Gulf of California Water, California Current Water, and Northeast Pacific Subtropical Water (Griffiths 1963). Warsh et al (1973) identified another water mass that can also contribute to the formation of the front, the northeastern Pacific Subtropical Subsurface Water, located at 50-200 m depth. The Cabo San Lucas Front is present during most of the year, though there are months when it weakens because of the decreasing effect of the California Current.…”

Section: áReas De Estudiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of seasonal and interannual events on satellite-derived phytoplankton biomass and production in the southernmost part of the California Current System during 2003–2016

2018

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“…Unfortunately, only one useful hydrographic station was retrieved. Profi les were obtained from other sources (Warsh et al 1973, Scripps Institution of Oceanography 1988, giving a total of 12 hydrographic stations ( Figure 2 ). Four of the stations were occupied in April, four in July, and four in October.…”

Section: Sources Of Data and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opal in Gulf of California sediments as a tool to estimate the vertical component of water exchange between the Gulf and the Pacific Ocean

Alvarez-Borrego¹,

Giles-Guzmán²

2012

Botanica Marina

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Water exchange between the Gulf of California and the Pacifi c has a signifi cant vertical component. Surface (0 -200 m) gulf water fl ows out into the Pacifi c, and deep (200 -600 m) water fl ows into the Gulf. We propose a biogeochemical method to estimate the vertical component of water exchange assuming a steady state for the concentration of nutrients in the Gulf and using the annual input of dissolved Si needed to support the production of opal accumulated in its sediments. An estimated average opal accumulation of (273.3 ± 6.8, mean ± SE)×10 9 mol SiO 2 year -1 for the whole Gulf was extracted from literature sources. Annual averages for H 4 SiO 4 , at the mouth of the Gulf and for the depth intervals 0 -200 m and 200 -600 m, were used to calculate the annual average vertical component of water exchange between the Gulf and the Pacifi c needed to balance this opal accumulation, i.e., 0.23 ± 0.02 Sv. This relatively low value is only ∼ 3 % of the whole average water exchange. This vertical component value was used to calculate the net annual nitrate input from the Pacifi c into the Gulf, and with the Redfi eld ratio it was transformed to new phytoplankton production for the whole Gulf [(10.67 ± 3.66)×10 9 kg C year -1 ].

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Nutrients and water masses at the mouth of the Gulf of California

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Water Masses and Circulation in the Tropical Pacific off Central Mexico and Surrounding Areas

Water Masses and Circulation in the Tropical Pacific off Central Mexico and Surrounding Areas

Effects of seasonal and interannual events on satellite-derived phytoplankton biomass and production in the southernmost part of the California Current System during 2003–2016

Opal in Gulf of California sediments as a tool to estimate the vertical component of water exchange between the Gulf and the Pacific Ocean

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