Nutrients and Toxicants in Rapeseed Meal: a Review

Bell, J. M.

doi:10.2527/jas1984.584996x

Cited by 304 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

169

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, there is no indication that the DT process was changed with the introduction of canola varieties. The meals tested in this experiment contained only 10.55 µmol of aliphatic glucosinolates g -1 of meal prior to toasting, which is lower than that of the toasted meals from the original varieties of canola [14.4 µmol of aliphatic glucosinolates g -1 (Bell 1984)]. Desolventization/toasting did reduce the aliphatic glucosinolate level to 6.16 µmol g -1 of meal (Table 6), but it is not known if this provides any added benefit, since levels are already low in the seed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The digestibility and content of amino acids in toasted and non-toasted canola meals

Newkirk

Classen²,

Scott³

et al. 2003

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. 2003. The availability and content of amino acids in toasted and non-toasted canola meals. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 131-139. A study was conducted to determine the level and digestibilities of amino acids and the level of glucosinolates in toasted and non-toasted canola meal samples produced in commercial crushing plants in western Canada. A total of 26 non-toasted and 31 toasted canola meals samples were analyzed for apparent ileal amino acid digestibilities using broiler chickens between 21 and 28 d of age. Commercially toasted canola meal contained 5.6 g 16 g -1 N (range 5.3-5.9) of Lys with a digestibility ranging from 65.5 to 85.7% (mean = 78.0%). Non-toasted canola meal contained 6.0 g 16 g -1 N (range 5.7-6.3) Lys with digestibility values ranging from 87 to 92% (mean = 89.7%). Toasted canola meal had an average total digestible amino acid content (not including Tyr and Trp) of 69.6 g 16 g -1 N (range 56.6-75.6) while non-toasted canola meal had 77.6 g 16 g -1 N (range 73.1-82.0). The levels of aliphatic glucosinolates in the toasted (6.16 µmol g -1 meal, range 1.2-12.5) and non-toasted meals (10.5 µmol g -1 meal, range 7.8-15.1) were low and likely of no nutritional consequence. In conclusion, non-toasted canola meal contains higher levels of digestible amino acids than conventional toasted canola meal and therefore consideration should be given to modifying commercial systems to produce a non-toasted meal.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The digestibility and content of amino acids in toasted and non-toasted canola meals

Newkirk

Classen²,

Scott³

et al. 2003

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Glucosinolates are non-toxic, but upon degradation thiocyanate, isothiocyanates and nitriles are released that are toxic to animals. These end products suppress the thyroidal uptake of iodine (Duncan, 1991;Barrett et al, 1997) and induce metabolic disorders such as liver and thyroid hypertrophy (Papas et al, 1979;Fenwick and Curtis, 1980;Bourdon et al, 1981;Bell, 1984). Upon ingestion, glucosinolate or metabolites may cause tissue alterations, and growth and health problems (Wallig et al, 1992;Kloss et al, 1994;Tripathi and Mishra, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caecal fermentation characteristics, blood composition and growth of rabbits on substitution of soya-bean meal by unconventional high-glucosinolate mustard (Brassica juncea) meal as protein supplement

Tripathi

Mishra

Mondal

et al. 2008

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effect of graded levels of high-glucosinolate mustard (Brassica juncea) meal as substitute of soya-bean meal (SBM) in broiler rabbit diets was studied. Forty weaning rabbits of Soviet Chinchilla and White Giant breed were randomly allocated to one of four experimental diets containing mustard meal (MM) 0, 80, 160 and 245 g/kg. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. MM had 54.8 mg total glucosinolates (TGLSs) per g dry matter (DM). Diets had TGLS 3.8, 8.4 and 11.98 mg/g DM in 80, 160 and 245 g MM diets, respectively. MM-incorporated diets had higher digestible and linearly (P , 0.01) higher metabolisable energy (ME) content. However, the effect on total tract apparent digestibility of DM, and crude protein was quadratic. Average daily gain (ADG) reduced (P , 0.05) linearly with increasing MM levels in diet, still 80 and 160 g MM diets had similar ADG compared to that of SBM diet. Caecum weight reduced linearly (P , 0.05) with increasing MM levels in diet. The pH of caecal content ranged between 5.85 and 6.19, total N between 1.19 and 1.48 (g per 100 g) and total volatile fatty acids between 4.7 and 5.8 mmol per 100 g, and they were not statistically different. NH 3 -N ranged between 31.2 and 39.0 mg per 100 ml, and reduced linearly (P , 0.05) while trichloroacetic acidprecipitable nitrogen increased linearly (P , 0.01, ranged between 114 and 247 mg per 100 ml) with increasing MM levels in diet. Blood haemoglobin, packed cell volume and lymphocytes were higher (quadratic effects, P , 0.05) on 245 MM diet, whereas white blood cell count reduced linearly (P , 0.01). Serum aspartate aminotransferase increased linearly (P , 0.01) while alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activity, protein, erythrocytes sedimentation rate and red blood cell counts were not affected by MM. Serum Cu, Na and K content increased linearly (P , 0.05) with increasing MM levels. Liver Cu concentration showed quadratic (P , 0.05) increase. Rabbits tolerated 8.4 mg TGLS per g diet (160 g MM per kg) during active growth without any apparent effect on health and growth. It is concluded that MM can replace up to 66% SBM protein in rabbit feeding, whereas complete replacement of SBM with MM reduced feed intake and ADG by 23% and 13%, respectively. Further studies are required to confirm these inclusion levels and glucosinolate tolerance of rabbits.

show abstract

“…One of the challenges of feeding mustard to ruminants is the high content of glucosinolates, which reduces palatability and also has goitrogenic and potentially toxic effects (Katamoto et al 2001). Several researchers have shown that high glucosinolate feeds such as rapeseed or mustard meal caused a reduction in animal performance and had potential toxic effects (Bell 1984;Katamoto et al 2001). Tripathi et al (2001b) found that glucosinolates in mustard meal caused depressed growth rate, mild thyroid enlargement and goiter in lambs when fed at approximately 14% of the total diet, even though clinical symptoms were not apparent.…”

Section: Animal Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of canola and mustard presscake from biodiesel production as protein sources for growing cattle

McKinnon¹,

Walker²

2009

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

McKinnon, J. J. and Walker, A. M. 2009. Comparison of canola and mustard presscake from biodiesel production as protein sources for growing cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 89: 401Á408. Two studies were conducted to examine in situ rumen degradation kinetics of biodiesel presscake from canola (CPC) (Brassica napa) and mustard (MPC) (Brassica hirta) relative to regular canola meal (CM) and to compare the performance of cattle fed these meals as protein supplements in backgrounding diets. In the in situ trial CPC and MPC had similar (P 0.05) rates of DM, CP, fibre and crude fat disappearance relative to canola meal. However, CPC and MPC exhibited greater (PB0.05) soluble DM and CP fractions, while CPC had greater (PB0.05) soluble ADF and NDF fractions than canola meal. The effective degradability of CP, ADF and NDF fractions was greater (PB0.05) than that of canola meal. No differences (P 0.05) in effective degradability of crude fat were observed. The feedlot trial involved 391 steers (323924 kg) that were fed one of three experimental diets: a control diet consisting of barley silage (213 g kg ), or a diet containing either CPC or MPC in place of CM as the protein supplement. Backgrounding performance was unaffected by treatment as no differences in DMI (P 00.127), ADG (P00.679) or feed:gain (P00.792) were observed. Composition of gain estimated by ultrasound measurement of longissimus dorsi area and subcutaneous fat depth was unaffected by dietary treatment. It is concluded that biodiesel presscake from both canola and mustard seed provides a superior source of rumen degradable nutrients relative to CM and can be used as a protein supplement for growing cattle without any adverse affects on performance at levels up to 10% of the diet DM.

show abstract

Nutrients and Toxicants in Rapeseed Meal: a Review

Cited by 304 publications

References 50 publications

The digestibility and content of amino acids in toasted and non-toasted canola meals

The digestibility and content of amino acids in toasted and non-toasted canola meals

Caecal fermentation characteristics, blood composition and growth of rabbits on substitution of soya-bean meal by unconventional high-glucosinolate mustard (Brassica juncea) meal as protein supplement

Comparison of canola and mustard presscake from biodiesel production as protein sources for growing cattle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About