Nutrient supply controls particulate elemental concentrations and ratios in the low latitude eastern Indian Ocean

Garcia, Catherine A.; Baer, Steven E.; Garcia, Nathan S.; Rauschenberg, Sara; Twining, Benjamin S.; Lomas, Michael W.; Martiny, Adam C.

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06892-w

Cited by 61 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Regardless, it is clear that N was the only nutrient to simulate net community growth (ie, bulk chlorophyll concentration) on its own. The low N:P of nutrient fluxes into the mixed layer as well as the low PON:POP and POC:POP ratios, support community Leibig limitation by N (Baer et al, 2018;Garcia et al, 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Our results confirm previous observations that the eastern Indian Ocean is a region with extremely low macronutrients and micronutrients in surface waters. Nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate were uniformly below detection limits across the entire transect (Garcia et al, 2018). Rates of N uptake were low (<10 nmoL/L/h) and dominated by urea and ammonium uptake (Baer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Limiting Nutrients In the Indian Oceanmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Particulate Zn was 2-4 fold elevated at both 10˚S and 5˚N fronts, whereas dZn showed no change. These features may reflect changes in the biogenic particulate pool near the fronts; indeed, particulate P (a proxy for plankton biomass) peaked between the equator and 5˚N (Garcia et al, 2018).…”

Section: Dissolved and Particulate Trace Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, concentrations of dissolved organic N and P far exceeded inorganic N and P. Primary production was lower than typically observed in other oligotrophic gyres, showing a slight peak in the EqIO around 6˚N . Mixed layer POC concentrations were low across the entire transect (2 μM; Garcia et al, 2018), and the autotrophic community was dominated by Prochlorococcus (78 ± 6%), with small (<20 μm) eukaryotes comprising 20 ± 11% of the remaining autotrophic biomass and larger eukaryotes nearly non-existent (Baer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Limiting Nutrients In the Indian Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, we present metal quotas of the nanoplankton autotrophs abundant in subtropical waters of the global ocean and which are particularly underrepresented in laboratory and field work. This work was conducted in collaboration with efforts to assess differences in primary production, N biogeochemistry, and phytoplankton community composition and dynamics in this region (Baer et al, 2018;Garcia et al, 2018;Larkin et al, 2019). Additionally, we conducted shipboard nutrient-addition incubations to assess the primary limiting nutrient in each of the regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A nutrient limitation mosaic in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean

Twining

Rauschenberg

Baer

et al. 2019

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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The Indian Ocean accounts for about one fifth of global ocean net primary production but remains undersampled relative to other major ocean basins. The eastern tropical Indian Ocean is characterized by extremely low concentrations of both macronutrients and the micronutrient iron. We measured concentrations of dissolved and particulate trace metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb) in the upper ocean along the GO-SHIP IO9N transect (28˚S to 17˚N, mostly along the 95˚E meridian) during a cruise in April 2016. Cellular quotas (metal/C) of Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn were measured in small eukaryotic flagellates (2-7 μm). Deckboard bottle incubation experiments were conducted at one station in each of three putative biogeochemical regions: southern Indian Ocean gyre (SIO, 28-10˚S); equatorial Indian Ocean (EqIO, 10˚S-5˚N); Bay of Bengal (Bob, 5-17˚N). Nitrate and phosphate were below detection limits in surface waters across the transect. Dissolved and particulate Fe were <0.2 nM south of 10˚N and lowest in the EqIO.

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mentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Limiting Nutrients In the Indian Oceanmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Dissolved and Particulate Trace Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limiting Nutrients In the Indian Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A nutrient limitation mosaic in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean

Twining

Rauschenberg

Baer

et al. 2019

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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Towards determining the spatio-temporal variability of upper-ocean ecosystem stoichiometry from satellite remote sensing

Tanioka

Fichot

Matsumoto

2020

Preprint

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The elemental stoichiometry of particulate organic carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) connects the C fluxes of biological production to the availability of the limiting nutrients in the ocean. It also influences the marine food-web by modulating zooplankton's feeding behavior and organic matter decomposition by bacteria. Despite its importance, there is a general paucity of information on how the global C:N:P ratio evolves seasonally and interannually, and large parts of the global ocean remain devoid of observational data. Here, we present a new method combining satellite ocean-color data with a cellular-trait-based model to characterize the spatio-temporal variability of the phytoplankton stoichiometry in the surface mixed layer of the ocean. This new method is demonstrated specifically for the C:P ratio. The approach was applied to phytoplankton growth rates and chlorophyll-to-carbon ratios derived from MODIS-Aqua and maps of temperature-dependent nutrient limitation to generate global and seasonal maps of upper-ocean phytoplankton C:P. Taking it a step further, we determined the C:P of the bulk particulate organic matter, using MODIS-Aqua estimates of particulate organic carbon and phytoplankton biomass. Our results are within 95% confidence interval of available data for both horizontal distributions and time series, indicating our new method's viability in accurately quantifying seasonally resolved global ocean bulk C:P. We anticipate the new hyperspectral capabilities of the NASA PACE (Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem) mission will facilitate the determination of phytoplankton stoichiometry for different size classes and further enhance the predictability of marine-ecosystem stoichiometry from space.

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Subtle biogeochemical regimes in the Indian Ocean revealed by spatial and diel frequency of Prochlorococcus haplotypes

Larkin

Garcia

Ingoglia

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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While the majority of studies use the environment to describe microbial populations, the high diversity of microbes can conversely be used as a resource to understand subtle environmental variability. Here, we used a high‐resolution spatial and temporal analysis of Prochlorococcus sp. in the Eastern Indian Ocean to determine whether ecotypes and microdiverse taxa can be used to identify fine‐scale biogeochemical regimes in this under‐studied region. A total of 246 DNA samples were collected every 4–6 h in April 2016 on GO‐SHIP cruise I09N, which transected gyre, equatorial, and monsoonal ecosystems between Western Australia and the Bay of Bengal. Using amplicon sequencing of the highly variable rpoC1 marker, we found that the region was largely dominated by the Prochlorococcus HL‐II clade. Conserved single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to identify four microdiverse haplotypes, or SNP‐delineated taxa, within the HL‐II clade of Prochlorococcus. The haplotypes showed regional patterns of relative gene count abundance that were significantly correlated with environmental conditions. Additionally, we used nonlinear least squares models to fit the sine wave function to our data and demonstrate that the haplotypes show distinct patterns in relative diel frequency, providing evidence that these microdiverse populations are ecologically and evolutionarily distinct. Overall, we show how the integration of a genomics data set into a biogeochemical framework can reveal a more nuanced understanding of a complex ocean basin.

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Nutrient supply controls particulate elemental concentrations and ratios in the low latitude eastern Indian Ocean

Cited by 61 publications

References 50 publications

A nutrient limitation mosaic in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean

A nutrient limitation mosaic in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean

Towards determining the spatio-temporal variability of upper-ocean ecosystem stoichiometry from satellite remote sensing

Subtle biogeochemical regimes in the Indian Ocean revealed by spatial and diel frequency of Prochlorococcus haplotypes

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