Nutrient patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors among Iranian adults: Tehran lipid and glucose study

Abstract

Background: The present study aimed to assess the relation between nutrient patterns and changes in adult anthropometric and cardiometabolic factors. Methods: This study was conducted on 1637 adults participating in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2005-2008), who were free of cardiovascular diseases and cancer and had completed dietary data. They were followed to the next survey (2008-2011). Dietary intakes were collected and nutrient patterns were obtained. Three year changes in anthropometric and cardiometabolic factors were measured. Results: Five nutrient patterns were extracted. The first pattern was characterized by "plant protein, thiamine, niacin, and minerals including phosphorus, zinc, copper, magnesium, manganese, and selenium". Animal protein, lactose, vitamin D, riboflavine, pantothenic acid, vitamin B12, calcium, phosphorus, and zinc" were loaded in the second pattern. The third and fourth patterns were characterized by "vitamin K, fiber, calcium, iron, manganese, and potassium", and "high correlation with starch, thiamine and folate, and negative correlation with mono and poly unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E", respectively. The fifth pattern was high in Fructose, vitamins A, C, pyridoxine, and potassium. There was no association between nutrient patterns and 3-year changes in blood pressure and fasting blood glucose; whereas, per each quartile increment of the fifth pattern adjusted for potential confounders, triglyceride change was decreased [β = − 3.66, 95% CI (− 6.57, − 0.57); P for trend = 0.014]. Conclusion: Present study indicates that nutrient patterns may have an association with cardiometabolic factors, particularly a pattern rich in fructose, vitamins A, C, pyridoxine, and potassium which decreases triglyceride level.

Nutrient patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian Adul: A case-control study

“…Our study is the first case-control study investigating the association between NPs and NAFLD. A study most in line with our results relates to a prospective study that extracted an NP including vitamin A, vitamin C, pyridoxine, potassium, and fructose, and this pattern has been associated with a lower risk of hyperinsulinemia and IR, and dyslipidemia among participants from Tehran ( 22 , 23 ). Although there are considerable differences between this study and others in TLGS (Tehran lipid and glucose study), such as different study design, sample size, and outcome of the studies, based on the literature reviews, there is a significant correlation between hyperinsulinemia and IR with NAFLD ( 12 ).…”

Nutrient Patterns and Its Association and Metabolic Syndrome among Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 7–17

“…However, no correlation was observed between NP4 and MetS and its components. This pattern extracted was similar to one in a previous study [ 64 ], but the result of relationship between with the pattern and disease was different. Although Vitamin C from vegetables and fruits may potentially decrease the risk of non-communicable diseases [ 65 ], controversies still exist in the relationship between calcium, Vitamin A, Vitamin B 2 , and folate with MetS and its components [ 8 , 12 ].…”

Crosstalk of Magnesium and Serum Lipids in Dyslipidemia and Associated Disorders: A Systematic Review

“…Similarly, Mottaghian et al (2020) did not discover any association between the Mg-rich dietary pattern and alterations of the serum lipids during a 3-year timeframe. Nevertheless, TG increased ( p < 0.05 for trend) across the quartiles of the Mg-rich nutrient pattern [ 47 ]. Choi and Bae (2013) evaluated the intake of Mg and the risk of MetS in Korean adults, revealing that both males and females diagnosed with MetS had lower Mg intakes and percentages of the recommended nutrient intake of intake versus healthy controls.…”