Nutrient limitation along the Jurien Bay dune chronosequence: response to Uren &amp; Parsons ()

Laliberté, Étienne; Turner, Benjamín L.; Zemunik, Graham; Wyrwoll, Karl-Heinz; Pearse, Stuart J.; Lambers, Hans

doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12123

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Our results broadly supported this hypothesis: foliar N increased linearly with soil age for five out of six possible combinations of species and light, whereas foliar P showed positive unimodal responses for all but one of six combinations. These results reflect the different trajectories of nutrient availability for N and P along soil chronosequences whereby there is a shift from N‐ to P‐limitation of biological processes as ecosystem development proceeds (Wardle et al , Peltzer et al , Selmants and Hart , Vitousek et al , Laliberté et al , ). Our results demonstrate that plant functional traits commonly associated with the plant economics spectrum shift strongly over long‐term gradients of soil fertility (Richardson et al , Holdaway et al , Wardle et al ), and that these shifts are not equivalent among plant species (Mason et al , Laughlin et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Soil fertility effects on tree seedling performance are light‐dependent: evidence from a long‐term soil chronosequence

Peltzer

Wardle

2015

Oikos

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Soil chronosequences are a powerful tool for understanding how limitation of plant growth by nutrients and light changes throughout ecosystem development, but experimental tests of how availability of these resources interact to influence plant performance as ecosystem development proceeds are rare. We utilise the well‐characterised Franz Josef soil chrononosequence in New Zealand, a sequence of sites caused by a retreating glacier that spans ca 120 000 years and that includes all stages of ecosystem development from primary succession through to retrogression. Soil fertility is relatively low at either end of the sequence due to limitation of biological processes initially by N and ultimately by P whereas light availability is lowest at intermediate stages of the sequence dominated by tall forest. Growth and leaf traits of nine woody plant species, including those that occur widely along the chronosequence and those that are restricted to short portions of it, were quantified in a mesocosm experiment. Phytometers of these species were each grown in each of nine soils collected from throughout the chronosequence at either high (30%) or low (2%) light levels; these soil and light conditions represent the full variation observed along the sequence. Plant growth and biomass were greatest in soils from intermediate stages of the chronosequence and in high light. However, the stimulatory effects of soil fertility largely disappeared under shaded conditions that are characteristic of intermediate stages of ecosystem development. Our results demonstrate that long‐term changes in soil fertility and light availability that occur throughout ecosystem development had direct effects on plant species performance, but that there were stronger interactive effects of soils and light availability. Because light and soil resource availability shift predictably but have different trajectories throughout ecosystem development, our results help to understand variation in plant species performance and community assembly along complex environmental gradients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Soil fertility effects on tree seedling performance are light‐dependent: evidence from a long‐term soil chronosequence

Peltzer

Wardle

2015

Oikos

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“…This long‐term, retrogressive chronosequence forms an exceptionally strong natural gradient of soil nutrient availability (Hayes, Turner, Lambers, & Laliberté, ; Laliberté et al., ; Turner & Laliberté, ) and shows the expected shifts from N to P limitation of plant growth with increasing soil age (Hayes et al., ; Laliberté et al., ). Details on geology, climate, soils, vegetation, and site selection along the Jurien Bay chronosequence are given elsewhere (Hayes et al., ; Laliberté, Zemunik, & Turner, ; Laliberté et al., , ; Turner & Laliberté, ; Zemunik et al., ). In this study, we selected the same five distinct chronosequence stages, in terms of soil nutrient availability and stoichiometry that were used in Hayes et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticity in root symbioses following shifts in soil nutrient availability during long‐term ecosystem development

Teste

Laliberté

2018

Journal of Ecology

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The vast majority of terrestrial plants form root symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi to enhance nutrient (particularly phosphorus, P) acquisition. However, some plant species also form dual symbioses involving ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, with a subset of those also forming triple symbioses also involving dinitrogen (N2)‐fixing bacteria. It has been suggested that these plants show plasticity in root symbioses to optimise nutrient acquisition depending on the type and strength of soil nutrient limitation (e.g., N vs. P), yet empirical evidence remains limited. Alternatively, the degree of investment or “preference” in particular root symbioses might simply reflect differences in inoculum potential among soils of contrasting nutrient availability, reflecting adaptations of root symbionts to different edaphic conditions. Here, we grew two co‐occurring plant species forming triple (AM/ECM/N2‐fixing; Acacia rostellifera) or dual (AM/ECM; Melaleuca systena) symbioses in soils of increasing age and contrasting nutrient availability from an Australian long‐term soil chronosequence to disentangle the relative importance of abiotic factors (e.g., soil nutrient availability and stoichiometry) and biotic factors (e.g., soil inoculum potential) in determining root colonisation patterns and functional outcomes of these multiple root symbioses. For both plant species, we found clear hump‐shaped plant growth patterns along the pedogenesis‐driven gradient in soil nutrient availability, with peak growth in intermediate‐aged soils, while high levels of mycorrhizal colonisation by the “preferred” root symbionts were maintained across all soils. We found large increases (540%) in foliar manganese concentrations with increasing soil age and declining P availability, suggesting that plants may be relying on the release of carboxylates to help acquire P in the most P‐impoverished soils. Finally, we found that soil abiotic properties, such as strong differences in soil nutrient availability, are generally more important than soil inoculum potential in explaining these shifts in our plant and root responses. Synthesis. Our study suggests that plants capable of forming multiple root symbioses show plasticity in their nutrient‐acquisition strategies following shifts in soil nutrients during long‐term ecosystem development, yet maintain a preference for certain root symbionts despite changes in soil microbial inoculum.

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“…This is possibly just as important in calcareous soils, if these contain large amounts of P, but with most of this being bound to calcium. However, calcareous sand dunes in south-western Australia are predominantly inhabited by arbuscular mycorrhizal species [23], possibly because the vegetation is primarily limited by N, rather than P [65]. This is possibly also the case for chalk grassland in Europe [66].…”

Section: Roots Of Crop Plants That Are Less Reliant On P-fertiliser Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant adaptations to severely phosphorus-impoverished soils

Lambers

Martinoia

Renton

2015

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

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Mycorrhizas play a pivotal role in phosphorus (P) acquisition of plant roots, by enhancing the soil volume that can be explored. Non-mycorrhizal plant species typically occur either in relatively fertile soil or on soil with a very low P availability, where there is insufficient P in the soil solution for mycorrhizal hyphae to be effective. Soils with a very low P availability are either old and severely weathered or relatively young with high concentrations of oxides and hydroxides of aluminium and iron that sorb P. In such soils, cluster roots and other specialised roots that release P-mobilising carboxylates are more effective than mycorrhizas. Cluster roots are ephemeral structures that release carboxylates in an exudative burst. The carboxylates mobilise sparingly-available sources of soil P. The relative investment of biomass in cluster roots and the amount of carboxylates that are released during the exudative burst differ between species on severely weathered soils with a low total P concentration and species on young soils with high total P concentrations but low P availability. Taking a modelling approach, we explore how the optimal cluster-root strategy depends on soil characteristics, thus offering insights for plant breeders interested in developing crop plants with optimal cluster-root strategies. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi. 2015.04.002 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-121418 Accepted Version Originally published at: Lambers, Hans; Martinoia, Enrico; Renton, Michael (2015). Plant adaptations to severely phosphorusimpoverished soils. Current Opinion in Plant Biology,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31] AbstractMycorrhizas play a pivotal role in phosphorus (P) acquisition of plant roots, by enhancing the soil volume that can be explored. Non-mycorrhizal plant species typically occur either in relatively fertile soil or on soil with a very low P availability, where there is insufficient P in the soil solution for mycorrhizal hyphae to be effective. Soils with a very low P availability are either old and severely weathered or relatively young with high concentrations of oxides and hydroxides of aluminium and iron that sorb P. In such soils, cluster roots and other specialised roots that release P-mobilising carboxylates are more effective than mycorrhizas. Cluster roots are ephemeral structures that release carboxylates in an exudative burst. The carboxylates mobilise sparingly-available sources of soil P. The relative investment of biomass in cluster roots and the amount of carboxylates that are released during the exudative burst differ between species on severely weathered soils with a low total P concentration and species on young soils with high total P concentrations but low P availability. Taking a modelling approach, we explore how the optimal cluster-root strategy depends on soil characteristics, thus offering insights for plant breeders interested in developing crop plants with optimal cluster-root strat...

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Nutrient limitation along the Jurien Bay dune chronosequence: response to Uren & Parsons ()

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Soil fertility effects on tree seedling performance are light‐dependent: evidence from a long‐term soil chronosequence

Soil fertility effects on tree seedling performance are light‐dependent: evidence from a long‐term soil chronosequence

Plasticity in root symbioses following shifts in soil nutrient availability during long‐term ecosystem development

Plant adaptations to severely phosphorus-impoverished soils

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