Nutrient Fluxes from Sediments in the San Francisco Bay Delta

Cornwell, Jeffrey C.; Glibert, Patricia M.; Owens, Michael S.

doi:10.1007/s12237-013-9755-4

Cited by 53 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The role of sediment as sink of contaminants, such as nutrients, heavy metals, and some organic chemicals, has been studied for years and well documented (Cornwell et al 2014). The process of the sediment act as sink was via burial, microbial denitrification, and assimilation by algae or macrophytes (Lehtoranta et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating internal P loading in a deep water reservoir of northern China using three different methods

Qin

Zeng

Zhang

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Much attention had been paid to reducing external loading of nutrients to improve water quality, while internal loading from sediment, which has been largely neglected, is also an important source for water eutrophication. The internal load in deep lakes or reservoirs is not easy to be detected and be quantified. In this study, three different methods (mass balance method, Fick's law, and regression equation) were combined to calculate the gross or/and net P release from sediment using limited data. Our results indicated that (1) ); (2) Hot periods of sediment releasing were suggested to occur from March to April and from August to September, which correspond to periods of high risks of algae blooms. The remaining months of the year were shown as net nutrient retention; (3) for the whole region, Baihedam and Chaohekuqu were identified as zones with a higher possibility to release P from sediment. (4) P loading to the Miyun Reservoir was greater in the inflow than in the outflow, suggesting a portion of the inflow P load was retained in the water or sediment; hence, release of sediment P may continue to be a major source of phosphorus in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating internal P loading in a deep water reservoir of northern China using three different methods

Qin

Zeng

Zhang

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Denitrification requires an environment depleted in oxygen, such as those found in sediments and wetlands (Seitzinger et al 2006). Cornwell et al (2014) measured denitrification rates in Delta sediments and established that they fell within the range found in estuaries around the world. Scaling these results to the area of Delta sediments, Novick et al (2015) found that denitrification could account for 25% to 30% of the estimated nitrogen loss in the Delta.…”

Section: In-delta Lossesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Because the N : P ratio of Delta waters averages above 8 (Foe et al 2010;Glibert 2010), E. crassipes is not likely to be limited by N. Egeria densa is believed to grow well even under high water column N : P ratios because of its ability to tolerate high levels of N, particularly when in the form of ammonium, and because it can acquire P from sediments as well as the water column (Feijoo et al 2002). Dense submerged macrophyte beds also can produce low dissolved oxygen and high pH conditions, which can stimulate P release from sediment (Barko and Smart 1980;Cornwell et al 2014;Glibert 2012) and promote growth in a positive feedback loop. Phosphate also appears to be more readily absorbed in E. densa than either ammonium or nitrate (Feijoo et al 2002).…”

Section: Nutrients and Macrophyte Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Dynamics of the Delta: Effects on Primary Producers

Dahm¹,

Parker²,

Adelson³

et al. 2016

SFEWS

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Increasing clarity of Delta waters, the emergence of harmful algal blooms, the proliferation of aquatic water weeds, and the altered food web of the Delta have brought nutrient dynamics to the forefront. This paper focuses on the sources of nutrients, the transformation and uptake of nutrients, and the links of nutrients to primary producers. The largest loads of nutrients to the Delta come from the Sacramento River with the San Joaquin River seasonally important, especially in the summer. Nutrient concentrations reflect riverine inputs in winter and internal biological processes during periods of lower flow with internal nitrogen losses within the Delta estimated at approximately 30% annually. Light regime, grazing pressure, and nutrient availability influence rates of primary production at different times and locations within the Delta. The roles of the chemical form of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in growth rates of primary producers in the Delta and the structure of the open-water algal community are currently topics of much interest and considerable debate. Harmful algal blooms have been noted since the late 1990s, and the extent of invasive aquatic macrophytes (both submerged and free-floating forms) has increased especially during years of drought. Elevated nutrient loads must be considered in terms of their ability to support this excess biomass. Modern sensor technology and networks are now deployed that make high-frequency measurements of nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate. Data from such instruments allow a much more detailed assessment of the spatial and temporal dynamics of nutrients. Four fruitful directions for future research include utilizing continuous sensor data to estimate rates of primary production and ecosystem respiration, linking hydrodynamic models of the Delta with the transport and fate of dissolved nutrients, studying nutrient dynamics in various habitat types, and exploring the use of stable isotopes to trace the movement and fate of effluent-derived nutrients.

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“…1). The methods for core incubation are de scribed in detail in Cornwell et al (2014). Briefly, triplicate cores from each site that had aerobic overlying water conditions were bubbled with air over night while submersed in a temperature controlled environmental chamber. )…”

Section: Sediment Trap Deploymentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the impact of floating oyster (Crassostrea virginica) aquaculture on sediment-water nutrient and oxygen fluxes

Testa¹,

Brady²,

Cornwell³

et al. 2015

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Bivalve aquaculture relies on naturally occurring phytoplankton, zooplankton, and detritus as food sources, thereby avoiding external nutrient inputs that are commonly associated with finfish aquaculture. High filtration rates and concentrated bivalve biomass within aquaculture operations, however, result in intense biodeposition of particulate organic matter (POM) on surrounding sediments, with potential adverse environmental impacts. Estimating the net depositional flux is difficult in shallow waters due to methodological constraints and dynamic processes such as resuspension and advection. In this study, we combined sediment trap deployments with simulations from a mechanistic sediment flux model to estimate seasonal POM deposition, resuspension, and processing within sediments in the vicinity of an eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica farm in the Choptank River, Maryland, USA. The model is the stand-alone version of a 2-layer sediment flux model currently implemented within larger models for understanding ecosystem responses to nutrient management. Modeled sediment−water fluxes were compared to observed denitrification rates and nitrite + nitrate (NO 2 − +NO 3 − ), phosphate (PO 4 3− ) and dissolved O 2 fluxes. Model-derived estimates of POM deposition, which represent POM incorporated and processed within the sediment, comprised a small fraction of the material collected in sediment traps. These results highlight the roles of biodeposit resuspension and transport in effectively removing oyster biodeposits away from this particular farm, resulting in a highly diminished local environmental impact. This study highlights the value of sediment models as a practical tool for computing integrated measures of nitrogen cycling as a function of seasonal dynamics in the vicinity of aquaculture operations.

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Nutrient Fluxes from Sediments in the San Francisco Bay Delta

Cited by 53 publications

References 70 publications

Estimating internal P loading in a deep water reservoir of northern China using three different methods

Estimating internal P loading in a deep water reservoir of northern China using three different methods

Nutrient Dynamics of the Delta: Effects on Primary Producers

Modeling the impact of floating oyster (Crassostrea virginica) aquaculture on sediment-water nutrient and oxygen fluxes

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