Nutrient dynamics study of overlying water affected by peroxide-treated sediment

Abstract

Background: Loading of excess nutrient via bioremediation of polluted sediment to overlying water could trigger anoxia and eutrophication in coastal area. The aim of this research was to understand the changes of overlying water features such as dissolved oxygen (DO); pH; oxidation reduction potential (ORP); chlorophyll-a (Chl-a); and nitrogen nutrients ammonia (N-NH 4 + ), nitrate (N-NO 3 − ), and nitrite (N-NO 2 − ) when the sediment was not treated (control) and treated by calcium peroxide for 5 weeks. Methods: The water samples were analyzed for measuring physical and chemical properties along with the sediment analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) including denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) for identifying the phylogenetic affiliation of microbial communities. Results: Results showed that due to the addition of calcium peroxide in sediment, the overlying water exposed the rise of dissolve oxygen, pH, and ORP than control. Among the nitrogen nutrients, ammonia inhibition was higher in calcium peroxide treatment than control but in case of nitrate inhibition, it was reversed than control. Chlorophyll-a was declined in treatment column water by 30% where it was 20% in control column water. Actibacter and Salegentibacter group were detectable in the calcium-peroxide-treated sediment; in contrary, no detectable community ware found in control sediment. Both phylogenetic groups are closely related to marine microflora. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of calcium peroxide as an oxygen release material. Interaction with peroxide proved to be enhancing the formation of microbial community that are beneficial for biodegradation and spontaneity of nutrient attenuation into overlying water.

Bioremediation of sediments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: the technological innovation patented review

“…A number of approaches have been proposed which can be broadly classified under bioaugmentation, biostimulation or a combination of both. Some promising biostimulation approaches proposed include the addition of oxygen, and/or nutrients and microencapsulated nutrients (Chen et al 2017;Haque and Kwon 2017;Kalantary et al 2014), the addition of biosurfactants (Ammami et al 2015;Lee et al 2018;Raddadi et al 2017), which represent a more environmentally friendly alternative to the use of chemical surfactants. A more recent approach is that of bioelectrochemical system involving inert electrodes buried in the contaminated sediments to enhance bioremediation.…”

Behaviors of nitrogen, iron and sulfur compounds in contaminated marine sediment

“…Simultaneously, the pursuant hypoxia-induced release of nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen from deposited organic matter can be substantial and hold Behaviors of nitrogen, iron and sulfur compounds in contaminated marine sediment down the tainted consequences of external loading [10,11]. Thermodynamically, oxygen is the most favorable electron acceptor, but the oxygen depletion in the sediment may contribute to liberate nitrogen from sediment into the water [12]. So increased nitrogen concentration and algal blooms conduct to more intense anoxia and there is a mutual prolonged effect between these processes [13].…”