Nutrient distributions and bio-cycle characteristics in both natural and artificial Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. forests in hilly loess regions

Xi-biao, Zhang; Zheng, Shuxia; Shangguan, Zhouping

doi:10.1016/s1872-2032(06)60008-5

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Each nutrient element in the soil layer accounted for over 95% of their total accumulation in the forest, i.e., N accounts for 95.32%, P for 99.64%, K for 99.91%, Ca for 99.84% and Mg for 99.95%. The soil layer is the main nutrient element storage pool in the area of the Loess Plateau, which agrees with the results from Zhang and Shangguan (2006). The accumulation coefficients of N, P and Mg in the tree layer are: leaves > branches > roots > bark > stems.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Nutrient distribution and accumulation patterns of natural secondary forests in the Loess Plateau of Shanxi Province, northern China

et al. 2009

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We studied the biomass and its allocation in natural secondary forests, as well as the amounts, accumulation and distribution of nutrient elements (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) in sample plots established in the Loess Plateau in Shanxi Province, northern China. The results show that biomass in natural secondary forests amounted to 36.09 t/hm 2 , of which the tree layer accounted for 46%, the shrub layer for 29%, the herb layer for 13% and the litter layer for 12%. The total storage of the five nutrient elements is 1089.82 kg/hm 2 . Nutrient storage in the tree layer is the largest, at 41%. The sequence of storage of the elements varied among different layers and is given as follows: shrub layer 31.27%, herb layer 12.55% and litter layer 15.36%. The accumulation of nutrient elements in the tree layer, ordered from high to low, is: branches > roots > stems > bark > leaves. The total storage of the five nutrient elements in the soil is 634.97 t/hm 2 , where the accumulation of the nutrients accounts for 95.32% (N), 99.64% (P), 99.91% (K), 99.84% (Ca) and 99.95% (Mg) of the total amounts. The accumulation coefficients of different organs in the tree layer are, from high to low: leaves > branches > roots > bark > stems. The accumulation coefficients in the different layers are listed as follows: shrub layer > tree layer > herb layer and for the elements as: N > P > Ca > K > Mg.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Nutrient distribution and accumulation patterns of natural secondary forests in the Loess Plateau of Shanxi Province, northern China

et al. 2009

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“…Chinese pine is very adaptable, stress resistant, has absorption ability and a root system, with good soil and water conservation and soil improvement traits and is important for water conservation in northern China. Due to their broad regional distribution and diverse types, the nutrient content and nutrient cycle characteristics of these pines show distinct spatial differences and variety; in particular, the spatial variation of the characteristics of the nutrient cycle appear representative (Zhang and Shangguan, 2006). In addition to its excellent performance, spatial differentiation is also manifested at some local levels due to habitat and other external factors (Yan et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient cycle of planted forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in the Miyun Reservoir Watershed, Beijing

Liu

Xiao

2009

Front. For. China

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We studied the nutrient cycle of a planted forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in the Miyun Reservoir Watershed, Beijing. Results show that the total biomass of P. tabulaeformis stands at age 29 in the experimental area is 92627 kg/hm 2 , and the total nutrient store is 695.17 kg/hm 2 including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), kalium (K), calium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). The sequence of their contents in different organs was given as follows: needle > branch > trunk > root. The annual amount of 85.37 kg/hm 2 of five nutrient elements were assimilated by P. tabulaeformis, about 0.34% of the total store in soil, and 3.30% of available nutrient store in soil depth from 0 to 30 cm. The nutrient annual retention is 35.92 kg/hm 2 , annual returning 49.46 kg/hm 2 , the rain input 26.04 kg/hm 2 to the five nutrient elements. The parameter absorption coefficient, utilization coefficient, cycle coefficient and turnover period were cited to describe the nutrient elements cycle characteristic of the planted forest ecosystem of P. tabulaeformis. The absorption coefficient is the ratio of plant nutrient element content to soil nutrient element content, and its sequence of five nutrient elements was given as follows: N > P > K > Ca > Mg. Utilization coefficient is the ratio of the nutrient element annual uptake amount to the nutrient element storage in standing crops, and its sequence of five nutrient elements was: Mg > K > P > N > Ca. The big utilization coefficient means more nutrients stored in the plant. The cycle coefficient is the ratio of the nutrient element annual return amount to the nutrient element annual uptake amount, its sequence: Ca > N > P > K > Mg. Turnover period is the ratio of the nutrient storage in the crops to the annual returning, its sequence: Mg > K > P > N > Ca.

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“…Findings by Zhang et al (2006) indicated that the total amount of nutrients in Pinus tabulaeformis trees, exclusive of roots, was maximum in 30-year-old forests. We conclude that the FHA mode is suitable for forests until it reaches an age of 45 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the FHA mode at this stage benefitted from the formation of multi-layered structures in the forest and improving the counter measures and stability of the forest. As a result, the leaf area of P. tabulaeformis increased (Zhang and Shangguan, 2006) and sunlight in the forest decreased with an increase over FHA age. The FHA environment gradually stabilized after 45 years.…”

Section: Effect Of Fha Mode On Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the effect of a fully closed hillside afforestation mode on the natural Pinus tabulaeformis forest

2008

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Assessment of the effect of a fully closed hillside afforestation mode on the natural Pinus tabulaeformis forest E Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag 2008Abstract The Huanglong Mountain forest zone is one of the major natural secondary forest zones in the southern Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Province, China. Since 1950, a mode of fully closed hillside afforestation (FHA) has been applied in the forest. On some special sites, the forest age exceeds 80 years. Pinus tabulaeformis forests form the most important vegetation cover in the warm temperate regions of China. Similarly, populations of P. tabulaeformis are dominant in existing forest ecosystems. Quercus liaotungensis, Syringa oblata, Populus davidiana, Prunus davidiana, Betula platyphylla and Toxicodendron vernicifluum can be occasionally found in the tree layer and shrub species are abundant. Based on the data collected from 31 plots and 93 soil samples, the state of health of the forest ecosystem is discussed and the appropriate FHA age has been determined. Twelve indices representing vegetation and soil properties in natural, secondary P. tabulaeformis forest ecosystems were generated by sensitivity analysis and an assessment index system for the FHA mode was established. According to the equal distance method, a clustering technique and five grades of an integrated index for evaluating the FHA mode were compartmentalized. The effect of the FHA mode on natural secondary P. tabulaeformis forests was evaluated by an integrated index method with the aid of an analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The results are as follows: values of the integrated index in the FHA mode of 16, 25, 30, 45, 60 and 75 year old stands were 7.25, 6.88, 7.82, 5.51, 4.78 and 2.79 respectively. With an increase over age of the FHA stands, the effect of the FHA mode deteriorated. We conclude that natural forests should not be protected in the FHA way after 45 years. At that stage, mixing suitable tree species, selection cutting and other silvicultural and management measures should be adopted.

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Nutrient distributions and bio-cycle characteristics in both natural and artificial Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. forests in hilly loess regions

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Nutrient distribution and accumulation patterns of natural secondary forests in the Loess Plateau of Shanxi Province, northern China

Nutrient distribution and accumulation patterns of natural secondary forests in the Loess Plateau of Shanxi Province, northern China

Nutrient cycle of planted forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in the Miyun Reservoir Watershed, Beijing

Assessment of the effect of a fully closed hillside afforestation mode on the natural Pinus tabulaeformis forest

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