Nutrient digestibility, fecal output of fractionated proteins, and ruminal fermentation parameters of goats fed a diet supplemented with spent green tea and black tea leaf silage

Abstract

Spent green and black tea leaf silage (GTS and BTS, respectively) was offered as a protein supplement to goats to examine in vivo digestibility, nitrogen balance, urinary excretion of purine derivatives, and ruminal fermentation. Four castrated goats were fed a basal diet supplemented with alfalfa hay cube (AHC), GTS, or BTS in a 4 Â 4 Latin square design. Digestibilities of various nutrients except for nitrogen (N) fraction were unaffected by the type of supplement. Digestibility of acid detergent insoluble N (ADIN) in BTS treatment was a negative value and significantly lower than those in other treatments. Urinary N output and retained N were not significantly affected by the diets. The fecal output of neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen (NDIN) and ADIN in the BTS treatment was significantly higher than those in other treatments. Urinary excretion of purine derivatives was not affected by the treatments. Ruminal NH 3 -N concentration in AHC and GTS treatments were not significantly different, but that in the BTS treatment was significantly lower than others.These results indicated that GTS is substitutable for AHC as a protein supplement, whereas BTS was able to bind proteins tightly in the digestive tract, which lowered ruminal N degradability and increase fecal N output.

Utilising Spent Tea Leaves Powder as Functional Ingredient to Enhance the Quality of Non-Gluten Shortbread Cookies

“…Because spent tea leaves are said to contain similar components with amounts similar to new tea leaves, the disposal of spent tea leaves also represents a loss of valuable resources [ 20 ]. Studies have reported on the application of spent tea leaves in the area of animal feed [ 21 ] and agricultural compost [ 22 ]. However, there is a scarcity of research on the usage of spent tea leaves in the development of new food products [ 17 , 23 ].…”

The Bioactive Substances in Spent Black Tea and Arabic Coffee Could Improve the Nutritional Value and Extend the Shelf Life of Sponge Cake after Fortification

“…Currently, the awareness of the general farmers and consumers of terms including sustainable development and circular bioeconomy helped in mitigating this problem, and agri-food waste is now accepted as a valuable resource and re-entered the supply chain via recycling, valorization, energy recovery, and other uses. ,− In this context, there have been studies on the use of used spent coffee and tea leaves in the field of livestock nutrition, agricultural compost, or production of biogas, or valorized for their bioactive molecules. ,,− However, there is a lack of research on the use of spent tea and coffee in the production of novel foods. − …”

Composición nutricional y digestibilidad in situ del residuo industrial de té de jazmín

“…Actualmente se buscan fuentes alternativas de alimento para consumo animal que sean accesibles y de bajo costo, por lo anterior, se han realizado múltiples estudios sobre el potencial nutricional de subproductos alimenticios regionales (Pérez-Gil et al 2015). Además de caracterizar y validar las propiedades nutricionales adecuadas para su utilización en los sistemas de producción ganadera para mejorar su eficiencia y hacerlos sustentables con el medio ambiente (Makkar et al 2007), sin embargo, su digestibilidad puede verse afectada por la presencia de metabolitos secundarios (Kondo et al 2022). El té verde es una bebida popular en el mundo, su principal materia prima es la planta Camellia sinensis que, dependiendo del proceso de fabricación se pueden obtener hojas para té negro, verde y Oolong (Ramdani et al 2013); además, mediante la técnica de aromatización de las hojas de té verde se puede obtener el té de jazmín (Shen et al 2017); al ser una bebida popular, la producción de residuos insolubles de hojas de té ha aumentado un 31% durante el periodo de (2011-2020), (FAOSTAT 2020), en un estudio realizado en Japón se reportaron 100 000 t de residuos al año (Kondo et al 2004).…”