Nutrient cycling in tropical pasture ecosystems

Vendramini, J. M. B.; Dubeux, José C. B.; Silveira, Maria L.

doi:10.5039/agraria.v9i2a3730

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The two areas differed in a set of characteristics, making difficult to identify which of them leads to the differences found on the patterns of dung pats distribution between the areas. One important factor affecting the variation in the dung pats distribution over a pasture is the stock density (Vendramini, Dubeux, & Silveira, 2014); thus, we can infer that the lower stock density in Nature Reserve than in Private Area may have contributed to the different patterns found. Additionally, in both areas dung pats concentration was higher in regions with lower slopes, areas of resting and moving (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

<b>Indicators of land use by cattle: associations among methods and role of environmental factors

Costa

Páscoa²,

Sant’Anna

et al. 2017

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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ABSTRACT. The objectives of this study were to investigate the associations among direct and indirect indicators of land use by cattle and to understand the role of some environmental factors on the definition of these indicators. The study was carried out in two areas, Nature Reserve (63.6 ha) and Private Area (30.4 ha), with 53 Hereford animals in each area. Daytime observations of animals' location were used as direct indicator of land use; while cattle track and dung pat distributions throughout the areas were used as indirect indicators. Environmental characteristics recorded were: terrain slope, prevalence of woody vegetation cover (forests, isolated tress and open grasslands), as well as the position of fences, water sources and salt blocks. Spatial correlations among the three indicators of land use were low (r < 0.30). The environmental factors had lower predictive power of animals' sightings distribution, followed by cattle tracks, and the highest predictive power occurred for dung pat distribution. We concluded that each one of the methods evaluated in this study addresses a different aspect of land use by cattle. The environmental factors assessed were useful to predict the dung pat distribution, but less valuable to predict the cattle tracks and animals' sightings distributions.Keywords: beef cattle, tracks, dung pats, spatial statistical analysis, geographic information system.Indicadores de uso do espaço por bovinos: associação entre métodos e o papel de fatores ambientais RESUMO. Este estudo foi realizado para investigar as associações entre indicadores diretos e indiretos do uso do espaço por bovinos, além de avaliar o papel de algumas características ambientais na definição desses indicadores. O estudo foi conduzido em duas áreas, denominadas Nature Reserve (63,6 ha) e Private Area (30,4 ha), com 53 bovinos da raça Hereford em cada área. Observações comportamentais foram utilizadas como indicador direto do uso do espaço, enquanto as distribuições de trilhas feitas pelo gado e de placas de fezes foram utilizadas como indicadores indiretos. As características ambientais avaliadas foram: declividade, tipo de cobertura vegetal (florestas, pastagem com árvores isoladas, áreas abertas de pastagem), posição de cercas, fontes de água e sal. As correlações espaciais entre os três indicadores de uso do espaço foram baixas (r < 0,30). As características do ambiente tiveram baixo poder de predição da distribuição espacial dos animais, seguido pela distribuição das trilhas e maior para as placas de fezes. Concluímos que cada um dos métodos avaliados aborda um aspecto diferente do uso do espaço pelos bovinos. As características ambientais avaliadas foram úteis para predizer apenas a distribuição das placas de fezes, sendo menos úteis no caso das trilhas e observações diretas dos animais.Palavras-chave: bovinos de corte, trilhas, placas de fezes, análise estatística espacial, sistema de informação geográfico.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

<b>Indicators of land use by cattle: associations among methods and role of environmental factors

Costa

Páscoa²,

Sant’Anna

et al. 2017

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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“…Continuous K removal with harvested biomass can eventually cause nutritional imbalances in the soil. The extent to which warm‐season forage grasses respond to K fertilization depends on several factors, including soil K levels and livestock excreta deposition (Vendramini et al, 2014). Proper K management has often been associated with adequate bermudagrass HA, root–rhizome mass, and long‐term persistence (Keisling et al, 1979).…”

Section: Useful Conversionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium and Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Jiggs Bermudagrass Herbage Accumulation, Root–Rhizome Mass, and Tissue Nutrient Concentration

Yarborough

Vendramini

Silveira

et al. 2017

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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Core Ideas Bermudagrass K fertilization affects forage characteristics. Bermudagrass K fertilization effects are influenced by N fertilization. K fertilization is crucial to increase belowground reserves of bermudagrass. Adequate supply of potassium (K) is an important factor that can affect bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] production and persistence, particularly in soils with limited nutrient holding capacity. The objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate the effects of different nitrogen (N) and K fertilization strategies on Jiggs bermudagrass herbage accumulation (HA), root–rhizome mass, and K concentration and accumulation in above‐ and belowground tissue; and (ii) identify the critical minimum tissue K concentration below which bermudagrass HA is reduced. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Ona, FL, from August to December, 2014 and 2015. Treatments were a factorial combination of three N (0, 45, and 90 lb/acre) and four K2O fertilization levels (0, 18, 36, and 72 lb K2O/acre, the equivalent of 0, 15, 30, and 60 lb K/acre) after every harvest, distributed in a completely randomized design with four replicates. Herbage was harvested every 6 weeks, and root and rhizome mass determined at the end of each year. There were no effects of K fertilization on HA and root–rhizome mass when no N was applied; however, Jiggs HA and root–rhizome biomass increased linearly with increasing K fertilization levels at 45 and 90 lb N/acre. For these N levels, HA increased with tissue K concentration up to 1.4%. Root and rhizome K concentrations decreased linearly with increasing levels of N. Conversely, root–rhizome K content increased with increasing levels of N fertilization. Potassium fertilization increased HA and root–rhizome mass of Jiggs bermudagrass; however, the responses were influenced by N fertilization levels.

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“…The proportion of remaining P is similar to that reported by Dubeux et al (2006a) for the decomposition of bahiagrass in Florida. The amounts of mineral P released would not be sufficient to provide for the nutritional needs of the pasture; however, more N would be recycled by the grass biomass and by the animal excreta and only losses resulting from the removal of animal products would have to be compensated by external inputs (Vendramini et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition of Arboreal Legume Fractions in a Silvopastoral System

et al. 2016

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Deposition and decomposition of arboreal vegetation represent crucial but poorly understood soil nutrient and organic matter cycling components of warm climate silvopastoral systems. Biomass loss and nutrient release from decomposition bags with leaves (Exp. 1) or branches (Exp. 2) of the arboreal legumes gliricidia [Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth] and sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) in a signal grass [Brachiaria decumbens (Stapf) R.D. Webster] silvopastoral system were measured in 2011 and 2012. In Exp. 2, branches were divided into 0‐ to 3‐, >3‐ to 9‐, and >9‐ to 20‐cm circumference classes. The incubated nylon bags were collected 0, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, and 256 d after placement on the soil surface. Gliricidia leaves and branches, in general, had higher N and lower acid detergent lignin (ADL) concentrations and ADL/N ratios than those of sabiá. Gliricidia leaf biomass loss rates were greater (P < 0.001; k = 0.0038 g g−1 d−1) than those of sabiá (k = 0.0012 g g−1 d−1), as were the branch biomass loss rates (gliricidia, k = 0.0018 g g−1 d−1; sabiá, k = 0.0005 g g−1 d−1). Leaf N release from the fixed amounts incorporated as annual litterfall corresponded to 47 and 14 kg N ha−1 from gliricidia and sabiá, respectively. The differences in concentrations and decomposition rates of the various fractions indicate that the two legume species differ in their nutrient recycling capacities.

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Nutrient cycling in tropical pasture ecosystems

Cited by 28 publications

References 49 publications

<b>Indicators of land use by cattle: associations among methods and role of environmental factors

<b>Indicators of land use by cattle: associations among methods and role of environmental factors

Potassium and Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Jiggs Bermudagrass Herbage Accumulation, Root–Rhizome Mass, and Tissue Nutrient Concentration

Decomposition of Arboreal Legume Fractions in a Silvopastoral System

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