Nutrient cycling in mango trees

Abstract

Estimates of nutrient amounts both shedding and demanding replacement in the maintenance of productivity of fruit trees require studies on element dynamics within the many ecosystem components generally made up of nutrient cycling. Thus, it was the objective of this study to evaluate the nutrient biochemical cycling in a mango tree (Mangifera indica L.) orchard, Palmer variety. Macronutrients [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S)] had their contents evaluated in leaves at different stages: new, mature, senescent, and litter. First exploratory analysis was performed for main components which preserve the multivariate structure shown by the data. It was possible to observe the association of new leaves with N, P, K, Mg, and S; senescent leaves and the leaves from the litter were associated to Ca, while mature leaves, to K. As a complement, taking the independent variables into consideration, Tukey test (p≤0.01) showed that the averages of N, P, and Ca differ between the new and the mature leaves; average of Mg in new leaves differs from the others, and S does not differ along the stages. Also observed was the re-translocation of 41%, 63% and 57% of N, P, and K, respectively, when comparison was made among the contents of the elements in mature leaves as well as in litter, which indicates that the biochemical cycling is important for the mango tree cultivation. Key words: Mangifera indica L., biochemical bycling, main components ResumoA estimativa das quantidades de nutrientes que saem e que devem ser adicionados para a manutenção da produtividade das frutíferas requer estudos sobre a dinâmica dos elementos nos vários compartimentos do ecossistema, o que compõe, em termos gerais, a ciclagem de nutrientes. Assim, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a ciclagem bioquímica de nutrientes em um pomar de mangueiras, variedade Palmer. Foram determinados os teores de macronutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S) em folhas em diferentes estádios: folhas novas, folhas maduras, folhas senescentes e folhas do folhedo. Inicialmente, aplicou-se a análise exploratória de componentes principais que preserva a estrutura multivariada contida nos dados. Verificou-se a associação das folhas novas com N, P, K, Mg e S; folhas senescentes e do folhedo com Ca e folhas maduras com K. Em complemento, considerando as variáveis independentes, o teste de Tukey

<b>Land cover changes affect soil chemical attributes in the Brazilian Amazon

“…Moreover, another important mechanism of nutrient retention in the ecosystem is biochemical cycling, i.e., the internal translocation of mobile nutrients within plant organisms from senescent tissues to young tissues before leaf abscission (Almeida et al, 2014). This re-translocation process conserves approximately 60 to 85% of the total nutrient contents absorbed when the soil availability of nutrients is low (Malavolta, 2006).…”

<b>Nutrient retranslocation in forest species in the Brazilian Amazon

“…According to the results of Ca, Mg and S available in Table 2, the retranslocation of S was observed in 64% of the forest species, whereas the retranslocation of Mg and Ca were observed in 53 and 22% of the species, respectively. Among the macronutrients, Mg and Ca are less mobile in plant organisms due to their structural role in cementing the middle lamella of the cell wall (Larcher, 2000;Malavolta, 2006;Almeida et al, 2014).…”

“…Furthermore, foliar nutrient contents are influenced by their availability in the soil (Aerts, 1996). The mobile nutrients in plants (N, P, K and Mg) are internally redistributed from senescent leaves before their abscission to growing regions such as new leaves (Bambi, Lobo, Dalmolin, & Dias, 2011;Almeida et al, 2014). This internal retranslocation process is especially important because it conserves approximately 60 to 85% of the total content of the nutrients absorbed when the soil availability of the nutrient is low (Malavolta, 2006).…”

Teor e redistribuição de nutrientes nas folhas de Bixa arborea Huber. e Joannesia princeps Vell. em área de restauração florestal

“…É possível notar que dentro de um mesmo ecossistema, espécies distintas, podem ter diferenças na capacidade de redistribuição de nutrientes, o que evidencia as peculiaridades inerentes a cada uma delas, no que se refere à eficiência nutricional (CORRÊA et al, 2006;PROTIL;MARQUES, 2009;RODRIGUES et al, 2000). Neste sentido, comparando as redistribuições de nutrientes das espécies do presente estudo, em relação às das demais formações florestais estudadas (ALMEIDA et al, 2014;BAMBI et al, 2011;CALDEIRA et al, 1999;CORRÊA et al, 2006;MENEZES JUNIOR et al, 2008;PROTIL;MARQUES, 2009;RODRIGUES et al, 2000;VIERA;SCHUMACHER, 2009;ZAIA;GAMA-RODRIGUES, 2004) pode-se verificar que Bixa arborea e Joannesia princeps resultaram nos valores mais elevados, principalmente quanto ao N, P e K.…”