Nutrient composition of six wild edible Mediterranean Asteraceae plants of dietary interest

Wild edible plants: Nutritional and toxicological characteristics, retrieval strategies and importance for today's society

“…and the leaves of Portulaca oleracea L. have the highest moisture content (ranging from 91.8 to 93.4 g/100 g) (Cowan et al, 1963;García-Herrera et al, 2014b;García Herrera, 2014;Oliveira et al, 2009;Pereira et al, 2011;Pinela et al, 2016a;Tardío et al, 2011). These plants are usually consumed raw in salads, sautéed or cooked (Table 1).…”

“…DC., C. intybus and B. maritima and the midribs of basal leaves of S. hispanicus are those that contribute the most (15.5-20.5%) to the daily intakes established for male adults (Table A1). For female adults, other plants arise as interesting sources of dietary fibre (with levels ranging from 3.9 to 5.6 g/ 100 g), namely the four species of wild asparagus (A. acutifolius, H. lupulus, T. communis and B. dioica) (García Herrera, 2014;Martins et al, 2011), the basal leaves of P. rhoeas, R. pulcher, R. papillaris, S. oleraceus and A. azurea (García- Herrera et al, 2014b;García Herrera, 2014;GuilGuerrero et al, 1998;Trichopoulou et al, 2000), the young shoots with leaves of F. vulgare (García Herrera, 2014;Trichopoulou et al, 2000), the bulb and pseudostem of A. ampeloprasum (García-Herrera et al, 2014a, and the aerial parts of M. fontana (García Herrera, 2014;Pereira et al, 2011;Tardío et al, 2011). Thus, the inclusion of these plants in contemporary diets can potentially increase the dietary fibre intake.…”

“…The contribution of all other plants (except for B. maritima) is lower than 9%. Besides B. maritima, the edible parts of S. hispanicus, S. vulgaris, C. juncea, S. marianum, P. rhoeas are also sources of K, with levels exceeding 711 mg/100 g (García- Herrera et al, 2014b;García Herrera, 2014;Guil-Guerrero et al, 1999;Ranfa et al, 2014;Renna et al, 2015;Trichopoulou et al, 2000). The RDA for K is 4700 mg/day for individuals with 14 or more years old (Otten et al, 2006).…”

“…It promotes the bone health, reduces the risk of osteoporosis and helps to prevent cardiovascular diseases . Eleven wild plant parts were found to be interesting sources of Ca (which 100-g portion provides more than 15% of the RDA for adults; Table A1), namely the basal leaves of C. juncea, B. officinalis, P. rhoeas, A. azurea and S. oleraceus, the midribs of basal leaves of S. hispanicus, the leaves of M. sylvestris and P. oleracea, the aerial parts of N. officinale, and the young stems with leaves of F. vulgare and A. nodiflorum (Bianco et al, 1998;García-Herrera et al, 2014b;García Herrera, 2014;Guil-Guerrero et al, 1999;Petropoulos et al, 2015;Ranfa et al, 2014;Renna et al, 2015;Souci et al, 2008;Trichopoulou et al, 2000). These wild plants are traditionally consumed raw in salads, cooked or sautéed (Table 1).…”

“…A 100-g portion of these vegetables provides about 67/88% and 34/45% of the RDA of Mg established for male/female adults, respectively (Table A1). The edible parts of S. hispanicus, B. maritima, S. vulgaris and C. juncea also arise as sources of this macromineral, with amounts between 53 and 94 mg/ 100 g (García- Herrera et al, 2014b;García Herrera, 2014;GuilGuerrero et al, 1999;Ranfa et al, 2014).…”