Nutrición en enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic pathology that has an outbreaks course that in recent years have seen an increase in incidence, especially at younger ages. Malnutrition is frequently associated with this condition, therefore, it is very important to ensure a right nutritional intervention, especially in pediatric patients, to ensure an optimal growth and also an improvement in the clinic. Our goal will be updated the role of nutrition in this disease and in its treatment based on the published evidence. Malnutrition in these patients is frequent and is influenced by various factors such as, decreased food intake, increased nutrient requirements, increased protein loss and malabsorption of nutrients. Therefore there should be a nutritional monitoring of all of them, in which anthropometric measurements, laboratory tests and densitometry were made to establish the needs and sufficient caloric intake tailored to each patient. The use of enteral nutrition as a treatment in Crohn’s disease with mild to moderate outbreak in child population, is amply demonstrated, has even shown to be superior to the use of corticosteroids. Therefore we can conclude by stressing that nutritional intervention is a mainstay in the management of patients with IBD, which aims to prevent and / or control disease-related malnutrition to decrease morbidity and mortality and improve quality of life.

Caso Clínico: Enfermedad de Crohn en Pediatría, el Desafío de un Diagnóstico Temprano

“…La nutrición enteral está indicada en enfermedad activa; se utiliza dieta polimérica o elemental por un período mayor a las 6 semanas, preferentemente por vía oral fraccionada o por sonda nasogástrica, para cubrir 140 -150% de los requerimientos calóricos para edad y altura, o 50 -70 kcal/ kg de peso ideal. Se ha observado una mejoría en la velocidad del crecimiento a los 6 meses de su uso; además ha demostrado ser eficaz en mantener la remisión comparado con placebo [22,23]. Fármacos como la mesalazina, parte del tratamiento de esta paciente, han sido utilizados ampliamente para el tratamiento de esta patología.…”

Recent update on lactic acid bacteria producing riboflavin and folates: application for food fortification and treatment of intestinal inflammation

“…For this reason, patients with IBD under treatment frequently receive nutritional supplementation to correct deficiencies of macro‐ and micronutrients and receive extra calories and proteins to maintain a positive nitrogen balance and thus promote mucosal healing (Martínez Gómez et al . 2016).…”

Probiotics as a Coadjuvant Factor in Active or Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease of Adults—A Meta-Analytical Study

“…Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of auto-immune pathologies, with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) among the most well-known. They are both of recurrent clinical course and show a higher incidence in developed countries [1,2].…”

“…The etiology of IBDs is unknown-an inappropriate activation is produced of the immune system against the intestinal mucosa in individuals with a genetic predisposition. Environmental factors have been involved, with possible mediators including geo-localization, tobacco, rest disorders, surgical interventions or infections during childhood, and diet-the latter considered a higher risk factor in the development of such pathologies [2,3].…”