Nutraceutical Properties of Olive Oil Polyphenols. An Itinerary from Cultured Cells through Animal Models to Humans

Rigacci, Stefania; Stefani, Massimo

doi:10.3390/ijms17060843

Cited by 217 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 198 publications

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“…Phenolic compounds in VOO were shown to improve endothelial dysfunction and reduce oxidative stress plasma parameters, both playing a key role in the development of atherosclerosis [131,132]. Moreover, VOO phenolic compounds could counteract inflammation, which is an important trigger in the development of atherosclerosis though the expression of adhesion molecules.…”

Section: Associated Complications: Oxidative Stress Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxytyrosol in the Prevention of the Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

2017

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Virgin olive oil (VOO) constitutes the main source of fat in the Mediterranean diet. VOO is rich in oleic acid, displaying health-promoting properties, but also contains minor bioactive components, especially phenolic compounds. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), the main polyphenol of olive oil, has been reported to be the most bioactive component. This review aims to compile the results of clinical, animal and cell culture studies evaluating the effects of HT on the features of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) (body weight/adiposity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia/insulin resistance) and associated complications (oxidative stress and inflammation). HT was able to improve the lipid profile, glycaemia, and insulin sensitivity, and counteract oxidative and inflammatory processes. Experimental studies identified multiple molecular targets for HT conferring its beneficial effect on health in spite of its low bioavailability. However, rodent experiments and clinical trials with pure HT at biologically relevant concentrations are still lacking. Moreover, the roles of intestine and its gut microbiota have not been elucidated.

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Section: Associated Complications: Oxidative Stress Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxytyrosol in the Prevention of the Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

2017

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“…The quality standards for EVOO are currently based on the combined evaluation of raw agricultural product, varietal and geographic characterization, organoleptic properties and sensory consumer expectations, and health‐related characteristics, such as high concentration of oleic acid, and content of bioactive components (at low percentage). The oxidative stability of EVOO is directly related to the presence of minor antioxidant components, which are also responsible for its main organoleptic properties (such as the spice, bitter taste, distinguishing the freshly milled product), as well as its health‐related properties, as preventing agents for cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, and heart attacks, and antitumoural activities against colon and breast cancer (Batarseh & Kaddoumi, ; Bulotta et al, ; Rigacci & Stefani, ). Recently, olive polyphenols have been recognized as “health claims” by the EFSA, EU (Source: http://www.efsa.europa.eu).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characterization and antioxidant properties of products and by‐products from Olea europaea L.

Tamasi

Baratto

Bonechi

et al. 2019

Food Science & Nutrition

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The products and by‐products of Olea europaea L.: olive fruits (primary agricultural product), oils (primary agro‐industrial product), pomaces (agro‐industrial processing by‐product), and leaves (agricultural practices by‐product), are promising sources of bioactive compounds. In the present study, qualitative and quantitative analyses of selected bioactive components in olive fruits, oils, and pomaces were performed. Total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity were analyzed in all samples (humid pomaces 2015: TPP, 26.0 ± 1.5–43.7 ± 3.0 g(GAEq)/kg DW; TEAC/ABTS, 189.5 ± 3.7–388.1 ± 12.0 mmol(Trx)kg DW). Radical (DPPH) quenching potential was analyzed via photometric and EPR methods, obtaining Vis/EPR signal ratio by 1.05 ± 0.45 and 1.66 ± 0.39 for fruits and pomaces, respectively. Through HPLC‐UV and HPLC‐MS/MS techniques, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, as well as selected hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids, were identified and quantified in olive fruits and pomaces. The main components were rutin, luteolin, and chlorogenic acid. Cytotoxic assay on fibroblast cells revealed toxic effects for selected extracts at highest tested concentrations (5%).

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“…Specifically, polyphenols reduce this aggregation and its cytotoxic effects (Rigacci & Stefani, 2016). Specifically, polyphenols reduce this aggregation and its cytotoxic effects (Rigacci & Stefani, 2016).…”

Section: The Anti Oxidant Effec T Of the Med Iterr Ane An D Ie T Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic alternative of the ketogenic Mediterranean diet to improve mitochondrial activity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): A Comprehensive Review

Caplliure-Llopis

Peralta-Chamba

Carrera-Juliá

et al. 2019

Food Science & Nutrition

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease whichis pathogenically based on the mitochondrial alteration of motor neurons, causing progressive neuron death. While ALS is characterized by enormous oxidative stress, the Mediterranean diet has been seen to have high antioxidant power. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine how the Mediterranean diet can improve mitochondrial activity, establishing the specific nutrients and, in addition, observing the pathogenic mechanisms related to the disease that would achieve this improvement.To this end, a comprehensive review of the literature was performed using PubMed.KBs have been observed to have a neuroprotective effect to improve energy balance, increasing survival and the number of motor neurons. This ketogenesis can be achieved after following a Mediterranean diet which is associated with great benefits in other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and ALS. These benefits are due to the high antioxidant power especially based on polyphenols contained mainly in olive oil, wine, nuts, or berries. In short, KBs could be considered as a promising option to treat ALS, representing an alternative source to glucose in motor neurons by providing neuroprotection. In addition, treatment results can be improved as ketogenesis can be achieved (increase in KBs) by following a Mediterranean diet, thanks to the high antioxidant properties which, at the same time, would improve the high oxidative stress that characterizes the disease. K E Y W O R D Samyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ketone bodies, mediterranean diet, mitochondria | INTRODUC TI ONNeurons are cells in charge of transmitting information through chemical and electrical signals, therefore requiring a high level of energy in the brain. This use of energy represents between 20% and 25% of the total oxygen consumed by the body, of which approximately half is used to generate membrane potentials. At the same time, they maintain ion gradients for neurotransmission, the main source of said percentage

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Nutraceutical Properties of Olive Oil Polyphenols. An Itinerary from Cultured Cells through Animal Models to Humans

Cited by 217 publications

References 198 publications

Hydroxytyrosol in the Prevention of the Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

Hydroxytyrosol in the Prevention of the Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

Chemical characterization and antioxidant properties of products and by‐products from Olea europaea L.

Therapeutic alternative of the ketogenic Mediterranean diet to improve mitochondrial activity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): A Comprehensive Review

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