Nutraceutical and Functional Properties of Peel, Pulp, and Seed Extracts of Six ‘Köhnü’ Grape Clones

Abstract

Grape production has a long history in the Elazig province and surrounding vicinity and produced grapes have been used for table consumption and also processed into traditional beverages, Şıra (special non-alcoholic grape juice) and wine. In the Elazig province, the main grape cultivars are ‘Ağın Beyazı’, ‘Öküzgözü’, ‘Boğazkere’, ‘Şilfoni’, ‘Tahannebi’, and ‘Köhnü’. Among them, ‘Köhnü’ cultivar is highly preferred by consumers due to its black color and perfect berry characteristics. The cultivar has grown for centuries in different parts of Elazig and shows a great variability for most of its morphological and biochemical characteristics. In the present study, we aimed to determine morphological and biochemical traits in six ‘Köhnü’ clones sampled from Elazığ. The cluster weight of six clones was found between 334–394 g. The highest total phenolic content was observed in seeds followed by peel and pulp samples. The seed extract of Clone 2 had the highest total phenolic content at 254 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g fresh weight. The results also showed that peel, pulp, and seed samples of ‘Köhnü’ grape clones had considerable amounts of antioxidant components determined by DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and TEAC assays and might be rich sources of natural antioxidants. Among the six ‘Köhnü’ clones, Clone 3, and Clone 6 differed from the others in respect to the highest cluster weight, the highest concentrations of total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. The results also implied that all clones could be used potentially as a readily accessible source of natural antioxidants and as a possible pharmaceutical supplement.

Bioactive Compounds, Health Benefits and Food Applications of Grape

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Phytochemical analysis of Annona atemoya seed extract by HPLC and their ability to inhibit the growth of Agrobacterium tumefaciens

“…The fruits have a nice flavor, with white flesh and smooth, brown-to-black seeds. The pulp can be easily separated from the white flesh (Kazman et al 2020;Kupe et al 2021). There are known uses for several Annona species, including Annona muricata, in conventional and alternative medicine.…”

Regional Economics of Viticulture in Turkey in the Period 1970-2021

“…Grapevine is the most cultivated fruit in the world and in Turkey. The suitability of climatic and ecological conditions and the enormous genetic diversity provide the country with the possibility of multipurpose cultivation (Kupe et al, 2021).…”