“…The forces and moment are expressed as follows: The force and moment coefficients are given as follows: where δ e and δ T represent the elevator deflection and throttle setting, respectively; C T , C D , and C L denote the coefficient of throttle, drag, and lift, respectively; and C M (·) is the pitch moment coefficient with respect to (·). More parameter details can be found in the work of Hu et al…”