Nursing staff work patterns in a residential aged care home: a time–motion study

Qian, Siyu; Yu, Ping; Hailey, David

doi:10.1071/ah15126

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The overall average time spent on medication administration during the 6 scheduled rounds was 5.2 hours per day for a unit of average 22 residents. This was consistent with previously published estimates that medication administration consumes approximately one‐third of shift time for staff 13‐15 . Medication administration in memory support units took an additional minute per resident per round, with almost half of tablets and capsules needing to be crushed prior to administration in this setting.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Medication administration in Australian residential aged care: A time‐and‐motion study

Chen

Bell

Ilomäki

et al. 2020

Evaluation Clinical Practice

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Rationale/aim Medication administration is a complex and time‐consuming task in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). Understanding the time associated with each administration step may help identify opportunities to optimize medication management in RACFs. This study aimed to investigate the time taken to administer medications to residents, including those with complex care needs such as cognitive impairment and swallowing difficulties. Method A time‐and‐motion study was conducted in three South Australian RACFs. A representative sample of 57 scheduled medication administration rounds in 14 units were observed by a single investigator. The rounds were sampled to include different times of day, memory support units for residents living with dementia and standard units, and medication administration by registered and enrolled nurses. Medications were administered from pre‐prepared medication strip packaging. The validated Work Observation Method By Activity Timing (WOMBAT) software was used to record observations. Results Thirty nurses were observed. The average time spent on scheduled medication administration rounds was 5.2 h/unit of average 22 residents/day. The breakfast medication round had the longest duration (1.92 h/unit). Resident preparation, medication preparation and provision, documentation, transit, communication, and cleaning took an average of 5 minutes per resident per round. Medication preparation and provision comprised 60% of overall medication round time and took significantly longer in memory support than in standard units (66 vs 49 seconds per resident per round for preparation, 79 vs 58 for provision; P < .001 for both). Almost half (42%) of tablets/capsules were crushed in memory support units. The time taken for medication administration was not significantly different among registered and enrolled nurses. Conclusions Nurses took an average of 5 minutes to administer medications per resident per medication round. Medication administration in memory support units took an additional minute per resident per round, with almost half of tablets and capsules needing to be crushed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Medication rounds represent a large portion of nursing time. Australian and Canadian studies have reported medication administration accounts for 27% to 38% of shift time for staff employed to undertake this activity 13‐15 . Identifying efficiencies may help relieve time‐pressure 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medication administration in Australian residential aged care: A time‐and‐motion study

Chen

Bell

Ilomäki

et al. 2020

Evaluation Clinical Practice

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“…To identify the care tasks, we used a Japanese version of the 1-min time-motion study (hereafter, time study), similar to one used in an observational time-motion study [ 16 – 18 ]. The time study was conducted as follows: one or two professional observers followed a caregiver throughout their day shift and recorded their behavior and care tasks using codes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such an exploratory study, it is first necessary to understand the actual working conditions of nursing facilities that use MS and HAL on a daily basis for a long period of time. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine care tasks and operations in two nursing facilities in which HAL or MS are used on a daily basis for more than 24 months using observational time-motion analysis [ 16 – 18 ]. We believe that this information is important for effective design, implementation, and sustained operation of care robots in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of care tasks for the use of wearable transfer support robots – an observational study at nursing facilities using robots on a daily basis

Kato

Yoshimi

Tsuchimoto

et al. 2021

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background To reduce the physical burden of caregivers, wearable transfer support robots are highly desirable. Although these robots are reportedly effective for specific tasks in experimental environments, there is little information about their effectiveness at nursing care facilities. The aim of this study was to identify care tasks and operations suitable for the use of these robots among caregivers in nursing facilities where these robots have been in use on a daily basis. Methods A 1-min observational time-motion analysis was conducted to examine care tasks and operations in two nursing facilities where wearable transfer support robots, namely Muscle Suit or HAL® Lumbar Type for Care Support, have been used routinely on a daily basis for more than 24 months. Results Analysis of the care tasks and their time ratio while wearing the equipment revealed that both robots were used conspicuously for direct care in over 70% of transits, especially during transfer assistance and toileting care. Furthermore, these robots were used intensively in the morning along with wake-up calls to care recipients, where pre-assigned wearers used them as part of their “routine work.” Conclusions We found that these wearable transfer support robots enabled effective performance of care tasks and operations in nursing facilities where these robots have been used on a daily basis for an extended period of time. These results may lead to the effective implementation and sustained operation of other types of care robots in the future. Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry no. UMIN000039204. Trial registration date: January 21, 2020. Interventional study. Parallel, non-randomized, single blinded.

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“…We selected two special nursing homes for the elderly that had used robots on a daily basis for > 24 months [19,20]. Both homes employed the unit care method.…”

Section: Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Care Tasks for the Use of Wearable Transfer Support Robots – An Observational Study at Nursing Facilities Using Robots on A Daily Basis

Kato

Yoshimi

Tsuchimoto

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: To reduce the physical burden of caregivers, wearable transfer support robots are highly desirable. Although these robots are reportedly effective for specific tasks in experimental environments, there is little information about their effectiveness at nursing care facilities. The aim of this study was to identify care tasks and operations suitable for the use of these robots among caregivers in nursing facilities where these robots have been in use on a daily basis.Methods: A 1-min observational time-motion analysis was conducted to examine care tasks and operations in two nursing facilities where wearable transfer support robots, namely Muscle Suit or HAL®, Lumbar Type for Care Support, have routinely been used on a daily basis for more than 24 months.Results: Analysis of the care tasks and their time ratio while wearing the equipment revealed that both robots were conspicuously used for direct care in over 70% of transits, especially during transfer assistance and toileting care. Furthermore, these robots were used intensively in the morning along with wake-up calls to care recipients, where pre-assigned wearers used them as part of their “routine work.”Conclusions: We found that these wearable transfer support robots enabled effective performance of care tasks and operations in nursing facilities where these robots have been used on a daily basis for an extended period of time. These results may lead to the effective implementation and sustained operation of other types of care robots in the future.Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry no. UMIN000039204. Trial registration date: January 21, 2020. Interventional study. Parallel, non-randomized, single blinded.

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Nursing staff work patterns in a residential aged care home: a time–motion study

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Medication administration in Australian residential aged care: A time‐and‐motion study

Medication administration in Australian residential aged care: A time‐and‐motion study

Identification of care tasks for the use of wearable transfer support robots – an observational study at nursing facilities using robots on a daily basis

Identification of Care Tasks for the Use of Wearable Transfer Support Robots – An Observational Study at Nursing Facilities Using Robots on A Daily Basis

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