Nursing interventions for the promotion of tracheostomy self‐care: A scoping review

Abstract

Aims and objectives: To map nursing interventions, their characteristics, and outcomes, in promoting self-care of the person with a tracheostomy. Background: The development of competencies in self-care of a person with a tracheostomy is recognised as one of the most significant nursing intervention areas for the promotion of autonomy, prevention of complications and adaptation. Identifying nursing interventions for the promotion of self-care of the person with a tracheostomy enables enhanced clinical practice knowledge within different care contexts and the identification of gaps in the available evidence. Design: The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology was used to perform this scoping review. Method: A search was conducted on the CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The search for grey literature included Portugal´s Open Access Scientific Repository, OpenGrey, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Studies published in Portuguese, English, Spanish and French were included. The PRISMA-ScR checklist was used.Results: From a total of 4,224 identified articles, 31 were included in this review.Multiple nursing interventions were identified and grouped into four types of action: informing, managing, determining and attending. Although most interventions are implemented with the face-to-face method, there is a growing interest in using technologies for this purpose. The dose is the characteristic most poorly described in interventions. Various results were obtained; however, valid assessment tools were not always used.Conclusions: Designing and testing intervention programmes for the promotion of self-care of the person with a tracheostomy is necessary, based on available and robust evidence to guide clinical practice.Relevance to clinical practice: This review allowed to systematise nursing interventions to promote self-care of the person with a tracheostomy. The use of combined interventions and methodologies is likely to be more effective in care delivery.

Nurse specialist and ostomy patient: Competence and skills in the care pathway. A scoping review

“…Among the skills that emerged in our results, the main one appears to be therapeutic education (Ang et al, 2013; Barwell, 2012; Burch, 2005, 2010, 2017b; Moreira Queirós et al, 2021; Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society & Guideline Development Task Force, 2018) at all stages of the care pathway. Several authors (Ang et al, 2013) describe the different peculiarities of educational interventions according to the patient's care pathway period.…”

“…An ostomy is classified according to its location and function. Mainly tracheostomies, gastrostomies, jejunostomy, ileostomies or colostomies can be surgically created (Moreira Queirós et al, 2021; Rivet, 2019). With the surgically creating of the stoma and the loss of control of the physiological function linked to the elimination of breathing or feeding, the patient undergoes an essential modification of the self‐image and his body scheme; furthermore, the process of adaptation to the new ostomate condition necessarily brings the individual having to learn specific manual skills, necessary for self‐management at home (Brown & Randle, 2005).…”

“…Queirós et al, 2021;Myatt, 2015;O'Flynn, 2018;Rivet, 2019;Roveron et al, 2016); second, the selection of the most appropriate pouching system (American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Committee Members & Wound Ostomy Continence Nurses Society Committee Members, 2007; Roveron et al, 2016; Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society & Guideline Development Task…”

“…;Cobb et al, 2015;Dalmolin et al, 2020;Moreira Queirós et al, 2021;Moya-Muñoz et al, 2022;Myatt, 2015;O'Flynn, 2018;Palmer, 2020; …”

Promotion of tracheostomy self-care: a qualitative study based on the nurses' perspective

“…This may partly explain why the promotion of tracheostomy self-care is inconsistent among institutions, is poorly standardised, and lacks systematised guidelines on nurses' practice (Colandrea & Eckardt, 2016;Swords et al, 2018). This shows the need to produce evidence to guide nurses' clinical practice in this area (Queirós et al, 2021). Most nursing interventions to promote self-care are complex (Jaarsma et al, 2020).…”