Nursing home suicides—a psychological autopsy study

Suominen, Kirsi; Henriksson, Markus; Isometsä, Erkki; Conwell, Yeates; Heilä, Hannele; Lönnqvist, Jouko

doi:10.1002/gps.1019

Cited by 55 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For example, it is probable that socio-economic factors such as unemployment status may not cause stress in elderly people. On the other hand, the complex of somatic and mood disorders may be a critical problem in the elderly because the incidence rate of somatic disorders increases as they grow old [44]. Finally, there may be some studies that could not be characterized by the keywords used in the present study, but conducted with designs similar to psychological autopsy studies.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Suicidal risk factors and completed suicide: meta-analyses based on psychological autopsy studies

Yoshimasu

Kiyohara

Miyashita

2008

Environ Health Prev Med

312

184

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The purpose of the present review is to evaluate the effects of common risk factors for suicide by meta-analyses using data extracted from studies based on the psychological autopsy method. We focused on five common risk factors of suicide: substance-related disorders, mood disorders, adverse marital status, adverse employment status, and self-harm behaviors. A total of 24 articles were identified from MEDLINE in which the crude odds ratio (OR) could be calculated for the above five risk factors through 30 April 2007, using such search keywords as ''suicide,'' ''psychological autopsy,'' and ''case-control study.'' Overall, both substance-related disorders [OR = 5.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.30-8.31] and mood disorders [OR = 13.42; 95% CI = 8.05-22.37] were strongly associated with suicidal risk. Suicidal attempt and deliberate self-harm, which can directly lead to completed suicide, have been shown to be very strongly associated with suicidal risk [OR = 16.33; 95% CI = 7.51-35.52]. Effects of social factors such as adverse marital and employment status were relatively small. As substance-related disorders and mood disorders were strongly associated with an increased risk of completed suicide, the comorbidity of these two disorders should be paid a maximum attention. The effective prevention of suicide depends on whether we can successfully incorporate these personal factors as well as social factors into an adequate multi-factorial model.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Suicidal risk factors and completed suicide: meta-analyses based on psychological autopsy studies

Yoshimasu

Kiyohara

Miyashita

2008

Environ Health Prev Med

312

184

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“…As for non-mental illness, although problems with physical health and level of functioning augment the risk of suicidal behaviors, especially for males , many studies suggest that their effects are generally mediated by mental health factors, most notably depression (Conwell & Thompson, 2008;Conwell et al, 2002;Préville, Hebert, Boyer, Bravo, & Seguin, 2005;Suominen et al, 2003). Some studies have found that medical lethality may be linked with lethality of suicide attempts (Power, Cooke, & Brooks, 1985), but this correlation has not yet been proven in a manner that is independent of the incidence of factors related to depression.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 93%

Seriousness and lethality of attempted suicide: A systematic review

Liotta¹,

Mento²,

Salvatore³

2015

Aggression and Violent Behavior

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“…The most common findings included ASCVD (43), neurodegenerative disease (19), non-ASCVD (13), bronchopneumonia (12), cerebrovascular accident (12), blunt force trauma of the trunk (7), mental retardation/schizophrenia/depression (6), and 5 cases each of COPD, decubitus ulcers, blunt force trauma to the head, and blunt force trauma of the neck (Table 10). …”

Section: Additional Medical Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nursing Home Deaths Which Fall Under the Jurisdiction of the Coroner

Lindner

Omalu²,

Buhari³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Forensic Medicine &Amp; Pathology

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Twenty percent of deaths in the United States occur in nursing homes, yet less than 1% come to autopsy. The current study analyzed causes and manners of death in all nursing homes between 1993 and 2003, investigated by the coroner of Allegheny County, PA, which has the second highest elderly population in the United States. Two hundred eight decedents were identified, aged 19 to 91 years, 58% women and 42% men, 88% Caucasian and 22% African-American. Fifty-eight percent were accidental and 38.5% were natural manners of death, with 2 homicides, 2 suicides, and 3 undetermined cases. The manner of death was significantly different between Caucasians and African-Americans, with 92.6% of accidental deaths occurring in Caucasians and 6.6% in African-Americans (P < 0.1). Most common natural deaths were arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, nonarteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, pneumonia, pulmonary thromboembolism, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), seizure disorder, and atraumatic intracranial hemorrhage. Blunt force trauma was the single most commonly identified traumatic accidental death. Accidental deaths were more common in Caucasians than African-Americans. Homicides and suicides were rare events (<2%). Blunt force trauma is a major autopsy finding in accidental nursing home deaths, and a root-cause analysis may be helpful in developing policies and procedures to decrease the incidence of blunt force trauma.

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Nursing home suicides—a psychological autopsy study

Abstract: Early recognition and adequate treatment of both somatic diseases and mental disorders, particularly depression, as well as early recognition of suicide risk among nursing home residents, are needed in order to prevent suicide.

Cited by 55 publications

References 35 publications

Suicidal risk factors and completed suicide: meta-analyses based on psychological autopsy studies

Suicidal risk factors and completed suicide: meta-analyses based on psychological autopsy studies

Seriousness and lethality of attempted suicide: A systematic review

Nursing Home Deaths Which Fall Under the Jurisdiction of the Coroner

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