Nursing Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Surgical Site Infection Among Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital

Abstract

Abstract:Surgical site infection is postoperative wound infection that occurs after surgery. The complications in the acute care facilities with up to 60% of surgical site infection cases estimated to be preventable by using evidence-based practice. Not with standing the advances in the coronary artery bypass graft, the rising prevalence of surgical site infection has become a primary concern in the infection control practices. The current study amid to evaluate the risk factors associated with the surgical site infections among coronary artery bypass graft patients and, to assess nurses compliance to bundle care to prevent surgical site infection. The study followed a quantitative, retrospective design and was carried out in King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah city. All sample (n= 120) coronary artery by-pass graft patient's record complied between January 2011 to December 2013.The study revealed statistically significant results between the preference of surgical site infection and demographic factor e.g. body mass index, patient risk factors such as diabetes type1 and 2, selected pre-operative factors e.g. Methicilin-resistant staphylococcus aurous, postoperative factors e.g. rewiring, dressing, ventilation and low cardiac output. This study established that the compliance with the bundle was proven to be effective in reducing risk factors to surgical site infection however nurses adherence to surgical site infection bundle care were incomplete and required more enforcement to comply. Based on the finding, the investigator recommended that nurses should be aware of the importance of adhering to surgical site infection bundles. Nurses should not only be educated on the importance of the bundles, but on how effectives apply the bundles at different stages.