Nurses' second victim experience, job insecurity, and turnover intention: A latent profile analysis

Abstract

Nurses are greatly affected by patient safety incidents, but little is known about the classifications of nurses' second victim experiences and their effects on job insecurity and turnover intention. This study aimed to identify the profiles of nurses' second victim experiences, including perceived support and distress, and explore the effects of the different experiences on nurses' job insecurity and turnover intention. A convenience sample of 2000 nurses, who were directly involved in patient safety incidents within a year at 25 hospitals in 13 provinces in China, was invited to participate. The online surveys included the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool‐Chinese version, job insecurity scale, and turnover intention scale. Data were analyzed using regression and latent profile analysis to identify second‐victim nurses' different experience predictors and examine the relationships among the factors. A total of 1298 valid questionnaires were obtained. Three profiles of second victim experiences were identified. Univariate analysis demonstrated that nurses' experience, education level, hospital type, specialty, working hours, credentials, clinical ladder, type of employment, income, training on adverse events, and the type of adverse event were statistically significant (p < 0.05) variables differentiating the three profiles. After controlling these significant variables, the multiple regression analysis showed that the higher the support and the lower the distress level of the second victim, the lower the job insecurity and turnover intention. This study highlights the significance of nurse' leader and organizational support. Nursing leaders should recognize nurses' second‐victim experiences, provide the support nurses need, and help them reduce job insecurity and turnover intention.

The current status of nurses' psychological experience as second victims in restoring the event after a patient safety incident in China: a mixed study

“…According to surveys [4] , there is a 10.0-72.6% prevalence of second victims. It has been demonstrated that nurses experience signi cant stress and injury, which negatively impacts their physical and emotional well-being, their ability to perform well at work, and even heightens their propensity to quit [5] .…”

“…This will allow for easier oversight, correction, and tracking of the incident. To guarantee that solid and trustworthy data are accessible for improvement initiatives, true re ection and prompt reporting are crucial [5] . Though studies have shown that recollection during restoration might create secondary victimization of the second victim, a wellexecuted restoration process can bene t the second victim and lessen the risk of repeat errors [6][7][8] .…”

Exploring the Experiences and Support of Nurses as Second Victims After Patient Safety Events in China: A Mixed-Method Approach

“…Current studies have used quantitative methods to examine the experiences and support of nurses as second victims or qualitative methods. 11 , 12 However, fully understanding the current state of second-victim experience and support with a single quantitative or qualitative study is difficult. Quantitative research can only obtain the second victim’s experience and support scores, and it cannot understand and review personal experiences in depth.…”