“…In a recent review study on caring for patients with mental illness in the ED, Clarke and colleagues (2014) found that ED staff perceive patients with mental illness as challenging, instilling fear and anger in health care professionals. ED physicians and nurses, in particular, are shown to have negative attitudes toward patients seeking psychiatric care in the ED, which influences their therapeutic interactions with these patients (Bodner et al, 2015; Hadfield, Brown, Pembroke, & Hayward, 2009; Hodgson, 2016; Sulzer, 2015). In turn, patients view staff frustration as a dismissal of their needs.…”