Abstract:The northeastern United States once had a robust and profitable wild bay scallop Argopecten irradians commercial fishery that generated revenue for fishermen and quality seafood for regional consumption. Since the 1980s, bay scallop landings have been declining due to overfishing, habitat loss, and coastal water quality degradation. There is potential for bay scallop aquaculture to fill the void left by the decline of the wild fishery. However, further investigation into optimizing growth and survival in the n… Show more
“…Parasites, such as the pea crab, have long been known to infect bay scallops and can cause reduced growth and impaired reproduction (Kruczynski 1972, Bologna & Heck 2000. In addition, whereas disease has always been a threat to natural populations, the relatively high density of bay scallops in planted populations results in restored bay scallop populations being more susceptible to pathogens, and bay scallops grown in bottom gear are more susceptible to parasites compared with those kept in surface gear (Karlsson 1976, Tobi & Ward 2019. Pollution and upstream runoff can introduce new pathogens to bodies of water (Getchell et al 2016), and the release of hatchery-reared scallops into a wild population poses the risk of introducing new pathogens into a system.…”
Section: Sources Of Stressmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, stocking density is a primary consideration when keeping scallops in cages (Leavitt et al 2010b). Overcrowding of scallops can result in high levels of food competition, decreased growth rates, as well as physical injuries and/or death (Rhodes & Widman 1984, Leavitt et al 2010b, Tettelbach et al 2015, Tobi & Ward 2019. A cover of approximately 50% of cage surface area is generally recommended to limit the effects of overcrowding (Leavitt et al 2010b), which means many enclosures are necessary to effectively grow-out a sufficient number of scallops.…”
Section: Grow-out Culture and Spawner Sanctuariesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This strategy focuses on protecting young scallops during vulnerable life history stages and attempts to increase the chances that a scallop will survive and grow to adulthood. Spat collector bags, which collect pelagic scallop larvae just prior to settlement, increase the surface area on which scallops can settle, and they can also serve as artificial "nurseries" for grow-out by providing protection from predation (Fegley et al 2009, Tobi & Ward 2019. In North Carolina, southern bay scallops have been successfully collected and grown in spat bags deployed in their natural environments beyond the size at which scallops typically detach from settlement surfaces, and at which they are less vulnerable to extreme predation (Fegley et al 2009, Carroll et al 2010.…”
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.
“…Parasites, such as the pea crab, have long been known to infect bay scallops and can cause reduced growth and impaired reproduction (Kruczynski 1972, Bologna & Heck 2000. In addition, whereas disease has always been a threat to natural populations, the relatively high density of bay scallops in planted populations results in restored bay scallop populations being more susceptible to pathogens, and bay scallops grown in bottom gear are more susceptible to parasites compared with those kept in surface gear (Karlsson 1976, Tobi & Ward 2019. Pollution and upstream runoff can introduce new pathogens to bodies of water (Getchell et al 2016), and the release of hatchery-reared scallops into a wild population poses the risk of introducing new pathogens into a system.…”
Section: Sources Of Stressmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, stocking density is a primary consideration when keeping scallops in cages (Leavitt et al 2010b). Overcrowding of scallops can result in high levels of food competition, decreased growth rates, as well as physical injuries and/or death (Rhodes & Widman 1984, Leavitt et al 2010b, Tettelbach et al 2015, Tobi & Ward 2019. A cover of approximately 50% of cage surface area is generally recommended to limit the effects of overcrowding (Leavitt et al 2010b), which means many enclosures are necessary to effectively grow-out a sufficient number of scallops.…”
Section: Grow-out Culture and Spawner Sanctuariesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This strategy focuses on protecting young scallops during vulnerable life history stages and attempts to increase the chances that a scallop will survive and grow to adulthood. Spat collector bags, which collect pelagic scallop larvae just prior to settlement, increase the surface area on which scallops can settle, and they can also serve as artificial "nurseries" for grow-out by providing protection from predation (Fegley et al 2009, Tobi & Ward 2019. In North Carolina, southern bay scallops have been successfully collected and grown in spat bags deployed in their natural environments beyond the size at which scallops typically detach from settlement surfaces, and at which they are less vulnerable to extreme predation (Fegley et al 2009, Carroll et al 2010.…”
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.
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