Nuove società e inerzia dello spazio aperto. Matera e gli esiti di un progetto riformista agro-urbano

Urban-Rural: “Tiburtino” District in Rome and Rural Village “La Martella” in Matera as Emblematic Cases of Settlements During the Italian Reconstruction

“…Casas and the Reform Authority, together with the changed socio-economic conditions on a national scale and the lack of services and facilities provided originally, lead to a progressive abandonment and degradation of the settlement as well as widespread unauthorized buildings. Moreover, the recent public and private building interventions, carried out in some areas on the outskirts of the existing village in the last twenty years, have drastically changed its original structure (Gorio, 1954;Quaroni, 1981;Bilò, Vadini, 2013;Mininni, 2015).…”

“…The different level of transformation of the original building, as well as the different geographical and settlement conditions, suggest some hypotheses and strategies for the recovery and regeneration of the current settlement fabric. With reference in particular to the urban planning instruments in force and the demands of the allocated population, a preliminary study will certainly have to be carried out in order to understand which are the priority objectives for a homogeneous urban regeneration action (Berdelli et al, 2003;Mininni, 2015).…”

Multiscale Gis-Bim Methodological Approaches and Digital Systems for the Knowledge of the Modern Architectural Heritage in Italy. The Rural Village “La Martella” in Matera

“…The proposed contribution is related to the knowledge, recovery and enhancement of the modern architectural heritage, in this case related to social housing, through the adoption of approaches, methodologies and tools related to the ICT (Information and Communications Technology) field. This area of investigation is still in its research and experimentation phase, especially in relation to the current problem regarding the management of the public residential heritage of the last sixty years, which in many cases has become private property, and to the objective of a recovery and re-functionalisation that is compatible with the original intended use, so as to avoid further land consumption and rethink the often critical relationship between public space-city-countryside that was originally addressed with the implementation of these interventions (Di Biagi, 2001;Berdelli et al, 2003;Mininni, 2015). Compared to the Italian and European minor and monumental historical buildings, which have already been widely investigated and studied for several years also with the aid of digital tools and protocols (Gigliarelli et al, 2017;Dore, Murphy, 2012), the research and analysis of the wide range of urban and rural settlements related to the Italian Reconstruction period during the second post-war years, in this case the public housing interventions of INA Casa, U.N.R.R.A.…”

“…Moreover, in the last two decades, recent public and private building works (Ecopolis and Ater) in the north-west and north-east quadrants of the settlement have further interfered with the already compromised situation, being totally decontextualized with respect to the original urban and typological structure. Despite the current condition of marginality of the village with respect to the city and some situations of physical degradation of the building heritage and alteration of the urban layout, realistic strategies for a compatible recovery and reuse of the village are desirable, both in relation to the urban planning regulations in force and those in the process of being approved (the settlement to be safeguarded is considered zone A) and in relation to the agricultural vocation of the territory and the current needs of the settled population (Mininni, 2015).…”

“…The combined use of the two digital tools was crucial, especially in the first phase of the analysis of the existing situation, which was to outline specific guidelines for a possible and credible recovery of the residential buildings of the original village, through targeted conservation and enhancement strategies (AA. VV., 2009;Bilò, Vadini, 2013;Mininni, 2015). The analyses and surveys, both direct and indirect, on the current situation of the original buildings, have provided different and interesting suggestions for consideration regarding the current conditions and methods of use thereof and for a possible partial or complete recovery and reuse, especially in relation to the current needs of the resident population, undoubtedly different from those of the first inhabitants who settled there in the fifties.…”