Numerical Study on the Effect of Injector Nozzle Hole Number on Diesel Engine Performance under Plateau Conditions

Zhao, Junliang; Yang, Ruomiao; Yan, Yuchao; Ou, Juan; Liu, Zhentao; Liu, Jinlong

doi:10.4271/2023-24-0033

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Other authors draw attention to the dependence of nitrogen oxide emissions on altitude. The team of authors [40][41][42] examined the emission of nitrogen oxides from diesel engines and found a significant depletion of the fuel-air mixture at high altitudes.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaust Emissions from Euro 6 Vehicles in WLTC and RDE—Part 2: Verification by Experimental Measurement

Pielecha,

Kurtyka

2023

Energies

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The subject of assessing exhaust emissions in real driving conditions has been relevant for a long time. Its introduction into approval tests focused attention on the comparative possibilities of tests performed on a chassis dynamometer and in road conditions. The article is a continuation of research on the possibilities of estimating emissions in the Real Driving Emission test based on emission data from Worldwide harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycles. The first part discussed the possibility of comparing dynamic parameters in these tests, and the second part discussed the possibility of estimating road exhaust emissions. The work was done in two stages: the first stage involved the use of distance-specific emissions in individual parts of the WLTC test, and the second stage involved the use of exhaust emission rates as datasets divided into intervals defined by vehicle speed and acceleration. Comparative tests were performed for conventional vehicles (gasoline, diesel) and hybrid vehicles. A chassis dynamometer was used to carry out WLTC tests and PEMS equipment was used for the RDE tests. The exhaust gas components that had to be measured in road tests, namely: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and the number of particulate matter, were analyzed. Based on the data collected, parameters such as road emissions and the exhaust emissions rate were determined for each phase of the dynamometer test as well as the road test. Because of this, it was possible to compare the distance-specific exhaust emissions of each vehicle in the two emission tests. The comparison resulted in establishing that it is possible to estimate distance-specific exhaust emissions of conventional and hybrid vehicles in road test conditions, using only the results obtained in the approval test (for selected test phases). The research concluded that it is possible to estimate selected RDE test parameters based on the results obtained in the WLTC test for the tested vehicles.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaust Emissions from Euro 6 Vehicles in WLTC and RDE—Part 2: Verification by Experimental Measurement

Pielecha,

Kurtyka

2023

Energies

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“…As mentioned previously, this procedure often requires multiple tests, both in the laboratory and on the road, which in turn involves increased financial costs and time commitments. Therefore, it becomes increasingly necessary to develop an alternative test method that would provide a better representation of real driving conditions and would enable the individualization of the test, e.g., depending on the type of vehicle or type of drive [10][11][12]. The authors of [13] also attempted to correlate the WLTC test with the RDE, in which they defined the basic steps for conducting the RDE test cycle under laboratory conditions.…”

Section: Parameter Euro 6dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaust Emissions from Euro 6 Vehicles in WLTC and RDE—Part 1: Methodology and Similarity Conditions Studies

Pielecha,

Kurtyka

2023

Energies

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The article is an attempt to perform an ecological assessment of passenger cars with various types of engines in road emission tests. The main research problem and, at the same time, the goal was to develop a method for determining the exhaust emissions from motor vehicles in real traffic conditions based on results obtained in homologation tests. The tests were carried out on vehicles equipped with gasoline, diesel, and hybrid engines, and the obtained results were analyzed. All of the selected vehicles were of the same class—passenger cars, with a similar curb weight, similar maximum engine power, and in the same emission class (Euro 6d). The authors compared the dynamic parameters of vehicle motion in established emission tests: Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycles and Real Driving Emissions. Four procedures were used to analyze and compare the operating conditions of the vehicles in the WLTC and RDE tests, differing in how the phases in the tests were divided as well as having a different methodology for determining the road emissions in the tests. The procedures were as follows: WLTC (where the test was divided and the determination of the road emission of exhaust gases was carried out according to the standard WLTP procedure), RDE (the road test was divided into sections and the exhaust emission was determined according to the standard RDE procedure), WLTC1+2 (the test was divided into phases: 1 + 2, 3, and 4; a combination of phases 1 and 2 corresponding to the urban section of the RDE test), WLTCRDE (where drive phases were divided and emissions determined in the same way as in the RDE procedure, which assumes the division of the test into sections based on vehicle speed). The implementation of the research task in the form of an algorithm procedure when comparing the dynamic parameters of the movement in the WLTC and RDE tests is the leading goal presented in this article. The division of the WLTC test into sections (urban, rural, and motorway) according to the RDE procedure and also the calculation of the total emissions in the test according to this procedure resulted in obtaining similar road emission values in the test.

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“…The study will incur to be costly and timeconsuming. Therefore, CFD simulation has become a valuable tool for investigating and developing control strategies for the engine due to its higher flexibility and lower cost compared to the experimental approach [29]. The latest Computer Fluid Dynamic (CFD) software employs a highly efficient coupling of detailed chemical kinetics, liquid fuel spray and turbulent gas dynamics in order to simulate combustion processes occurring in an internal combustion engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Validation and Investigation the Effect of Piston Bowl Geometries Performance on Port Fuel Injection-Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (PFI-HCCI) Engines

Nik Muhammad Hafiz Nik Ab Rashid,

Abdul Aziz Hairuddin,

Khairil Anas Md Rezali

et al. 2024

ARNHT

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Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is an advanced combustion strategy proposed to provide higher efficiency and lower emissions than conventional compression ignition. Nevertheless, the operation of HCCI engines still presents formidable challenges. Preparing homogeneous mixtures and controlling the combustion phase are crucial challenges in the context of engine performance. Piston bowl geometry significantly enhances the process by improving the flow and facilitating air-fuel mixing for combustion. On that note, this study utilised the CFD simulation methods to analyse HCCI combustion in port fuel injection (PFI) mode and evaluate the effect of piston bowl geometries on engine performance. For this purpose, the CFD simulation result for a single-cylinder, four-stroke YANMAR diesel engine was validated with experimental data. The different piston bowl geometries with the same volume, compression, and equivalence ratio were then investigated numerically. The validation result of the CFD simulation offers enough confidence to continue the study with different piston bowl geometries. The results attained from the Direct Injection (DI) engine piston bowl application demonstrate a minor change in in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate. The piston bowl design employed in a Port Fuel Injection engine application exhibited different combustion phases while demonstrating similarity in attaining in-cylinder pressure. The findings for swirl induce piston bowl design indicate an enhancement of in-cylinder pressure for the Spiral Crown geometry model, reaching 9.42 MPa. The results of the study demonstrated that the piston bowl's design affected the performance of an HCCI engine.

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Numerical Study on the Effect of Injector Nozzle Hole Number on Diesel Engine Performance under Plateau Conditions

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

Exhaust Emissions from Euro 6 Vehicles in WLTC and RDE—Part 2: Verification by Experimental Measurement

Exhaust Emissions from Euro 6 Vehicles in WLTC and RDE—Part 2: Verification by Experimental Measurement

Exhaust Emissions from Euro 6 Vehicles in WLTC and RDE—Part 1: Methodology and Similarity Conditions Studies

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Validation and Investigation the Effect of Piston Bowl Geometries Performance on Port Fuel Injection-Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (PFI-HCCI) Engines

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