“…They can take various forms such as protrusions, wings, inclined blocks, winglets, fins, and ribs [13,14], and have been used to enhance heat transfer in different geometries such as circular and noncircular ducts under turbulent flow [15][16][17]. They have also been used in laminar flow [18], with flat plate-fins in rectangular channels [19][20][21], tube heat exchangers [22], heat sinks [18,23] and rectangular narrow channels [24,25].…”