“…Experiments and numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the suitability of water as a barrier material (Cheng, Hung, & Chong, 2005;Homae, Wakabayashi, Matsumura, & Nakayama, 2006;Keenan & Wager, 1992;Shin, Lee, Lam, & Yeo, 1998). These studies demonstrated that the maximum peak pressure and impulse were significantly reduced by surrounding the high explosive with a barrier.…”