Numerical study of turbulence and wave damping induced by vegetation canopies

Ma, Gangfeng; Kirby, James T.; Su, Shih-Feng; Figlus, Jens; Shi, Fengyan

doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2013.05.007

Cited by 114 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The variability of the current direction at a fixed elevation above the marsh fringe indicates a complex threedimensional (3D) structure of the wave-driven currents in the margin of flooded saltmarshes. Complex 3D flow patterns of wave-induced currents on an idealized wetland were observed in recent numerical simulations (Ma et al 2013). …”

Section: Dependence Of Current Direction In Saltmarsh Fringe On Localmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Field Study of How Wind Waves and Currents May Contribute to the Deterioration of Saltmarsh Fringe

Karimpour

Chen

Twilley

2015

Estuaries and Coasts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Deltaic landscapes, such as the Mississippi River Delta, are sites of extensive conversion of wetlands to open water, where increased fetch may contribute to erosion of marsh edges, increasing wetland loss. A field experiment conducted during a storm passage tested this process through the observations of wave orbital and current velocities in the fringe zone of a deteriorating saltmarsh in Terrebonne Bay, Louisiana. Incident waves seaward of the marsh edge and wave orbital and current velocities immediate landward of the marsh edge were measured. Through a dimensional analysis, it shows that the current and orbital velocities in the marsh fringe were controlled by the incident waves, inundation depth, submergence ratio, and vegetation density. Similarly, it is shown that the longshore currents in the inundated saltmarsh fringe depended on the local wave-induced momentum flux, vegetation submergence, and vegetation density in the fringe zone. The cross-shore current showed the presence of a return flow in the lower region of the velocity profile. A high correlation between the current direction and the local flow-wave energy ratio as well as the vegetation submergence and density is found, indicating the important role of surface waves in the fringe flow landward of an inundated wetland under storm conditions. The field observations shed light on the potential ecological consequences of increased wave activities in coastal saltmarsh wetlands owing to subsidence, sea level rise, limited sediment supply, increases in wind fetch, and storm intensity.

show abstract

Section: Dependence Of Current Direction In Saltmarsh Fringe On Localmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Field Study of How Wind Waves and Currents May Contribute to the Deterioration of Saltmarsh Fringe

Karimpour

Chen

Twilley

2015

Estuaries and Coasts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During the past decades, most researchers focused on the wave attenuation by the submerged and emerged vegetation canopy rooted at the bottom, using field observation (e.g., Knutson et al, 1982;Mӧller et al, 1999;Bradley and Hauser, 2009;and Horstman et al, 2014), lab experiments (e.g., Fonseca and Cahalan, 1992;Augustin et al, 2009;Stratigaki et al, 2011;Koftis et al, 2013;Anderson and Smith, 2014;Hu et al, 2014;Ozeren et al, 2014;Wu and Cox, 2015;Wang et al, 2016), numerical methods (e.g., Li and Xie, 2011;Ma et al, 2013;Maza et al, 2013;Marsooli and Wu, 2014;Zhu and Chen, 2015;Chakrabarti et al, 2016), and analytical study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Layer Analytical Solution for Wave Attenuation by Suspended and Nonsuspended Vegetation Canopy

Zhu

Zou²

2017

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A generalized three-layer analytical solution for the wave attenuation by suspended and non-suspended vegetation canopy is developed in this study. The analytical solution reduces to the two-layer analytical solution by Kobayashi et al. (1993) for the non-suspended vegetation canopy rooted at the sea bed. The present theory is verified using laboratory experiments and field observations of a suspended and non-suspended as well as emerged and submerged vegetation canopy. The wave attenuation increase with the drag coefficient, blade diameter and length, canopy density and length, the elevation of the bottom of the canopy and the incident wave height. The influences of wave frequency and water depth on wave attenuation are more complex. They affect the wave attenuation mainly by changing the wave flow velocity encountered by the vegetation canopy. As a result, the canopy vertical position has significant impact on the relationship between the wave attenuation and wave frequency.

show abstract

“…Section 6 finally concludes the paper. Ma et al (2013) developed a three-dimensional vegetated flow model that is capable of simulating vegetation-induced wave attenuation as well as nearshore circulation induced by a patch of vegetation. The model is based on the NonHydrostatic WAVE model NHWAVE initially developed by Ma et al (2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical study of sediment transport on a tidal flat with a patch of vegetation

Han

Niroomandi

et al. 2014

Ocean Dynamics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To understand how vegetation canopies affect sediment transport on tidal flats, a numerical study of tidal flow and sediment transport on an idealized tidal flat with a patch of vegetation is conducted. The numerical model is firstly validated by laboratory measurements of flow and sediment deposition in a partially vegetated open channel. The idealized study shows that a finite patch of vegetation may produce circulation on the tidal flat with converging flow during flood and diverging flow during ebb. The vegetation patch can also generate a tidal phase lag between the vegetated and bare flats. Tidal currents in both zones are asymmetric, with stronger flood current in the vegetated zone and stronger ebb current on the bare flat. The duration of ebb is longer than that of flood. Computed sediment concentration on the bare flat is higher during ebb due to stronger ebb current and larger bottom shear stress. This is in contrast to the tidal flat without a vegetation canopy, where suspended sediment concentration is higher during flood. On the tidal flat without a vegetation canopy, landward net sediment transport occurs on the upper flat, while seaward net sediment transport occurs on the lower flat and subtidal region. On the partially vegetated tidal flat, however, net sediment transport on both the upper and lower flats are in seaward direction. It increases with increasing vegetation density. Alongshore net sediment flux converges inside the canopy and diverges on the bare flat. Sediment exchange rate between the vegetated and bare flats increases with decreasing vegetation density and sediment settling velocity.

show abstract

Numerical study of turbulence and wave damping induced by vegetation canopies

Cited by 114 publications

References 47 publications

A Field Study of How Wind Waves and Currents May Contribute to the Deterioration of Saltmarsh Fringe

A Field Study of How Wind Waves and Currents May Contribute to the Deterioration of Saltmarsh Fringe

Three-Layer Analytical Solution for Wave Attenuation by Suspended and Nonsuspended Vegetation Canopy

Numerical study of sediment transport on a tidal flat with a patch of vegetation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About