Numerical study of the short pre-arcing time in high breaking capacity fuses via an enthalpy formulation

Rochette, David; Touzani, Rachid; Bussière, William

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/40/15/026

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We have formulated in a previous paper [20] a numerical model designed to assess the pre-arcing time in the case of short pre-arcing time (up to 10 ms) in HBC fuses. Compared with the above quoted models, the improvement is that we introduce the phase changes of the fuse element-solid to liquid and liquid to gas-up to the vaporization temperature, and the heat transfer in the fuse element.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of HBC fuses working at short and medium pre-arcing times

Bussière¹,

Rochette²,

Velleaud³

et al. 2008

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Pre-arcing stage is the first working step in high breaking capacity (HBC) fuse operation and affects the following step, namely, the arcing step. We have performed realistic HBC fuse tests for short (<10 ms) and medium (>10 ms) pre-arcing times by varying the phase angle of the electrical fault (defined as the phase angle of the fault current once the supplied voltage is applied to the fuse) in the range from 0° to 160°, for two values of the power factor (cosφ ∼ 0.9 and cosφ ∼ 0.1). Experimental values of the pre-arcing time and the arcing time (tarc) are given for tprearc/tarc ≲ 1 to ∼4.2, and discussed from the energetic point of view by taking into account the inductive source term. The adiabatic assumption classically used in the modelling is also examined. The influence of the pre-arcing step on the arcing step is analysed by means of the Joule integral, the energy dissipated in the fuse and the mass and length of the fulgurite.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of HBC fuses working at short and medium pre-arcing times

Bussière¹,

Rochette²,

Velleaud³

et al. 2008

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Both under inductive and resistive case, pre-arcing times obtained by experiments are lower than those obtained in simulations; two main reasons could explain that. First, previous works [6,9] attributed the uncertainties between simulation and experiment to irregularity found in the notch shape and to the fact that sometimes one or some silica grains are unfortunately introduced in the center of the fuse. Second, the discrepancies observed between simulations and experiments are mainly due the physical state at which the fuse link should disrupt.…”

Section: Summary Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To solve numerically the system (Eq.5 -Eq.6), the finite elements method is used for space discretization and a Chernoff scheme is used for time integration. Details of the mathematical model and the numerical method are reported in Rochette et al [9].…”

Section: Thermo-electrical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulations and Measurements of the Pre-Arcing Times in HBC Fuses Under Typical Electric Faults

et al. 2010

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This work deals with the comparison between calculations and measurements of pre-arcing times in High Breaking Capacity fuses under typical fault current conditions. This paper also describes the temperature evolution and the Joule energy dissipated in a fuse element during the pre-arcing time. By varying typical electrical parameters, namely the closing angle and the power factor, we show that various prospective currents such as those observed in industrial case can be fairly simulated. The pre-arcing time and then the clearing of the fault current are shown to be deeply dependent on these electrical characteristics. We exhibit simulated results of prospective current and supply voltage waves for given closing angles under two typical power factors which are compared with the experimental ones. A comparison between simulated pre-arcing times with experimental ones shows some discrepancies and a discussion on the numerical assumptions is made.

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“…As the pre-arcing period is usually defined as the time necessary to reach the melting point of the fuse element metal, many modellings can be found including comparisons with measurements. Among the whole of these studies one may distinguish pre-arcing period considered under adiabatic assumptions [15] (very short pre-arcing times or high fault current level), pre-arcing period considered by taking into account the whole of the physical processes responsible for the energy withdrawal [13,15] and all the intermediated cases where various simplifications are made depending on the operating conditions [52]. Phenomenological modellings have been also published [25]: the electric fuse is described by means of an equivalent electrical circuit built on resistive and capacitive contributions, according to parallel and series schemas.…”

Section: About Electric Fuse Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Values are deduced from measurements published in [14]: for 865 K < T we obtain respectively 0.12 mJ and 3.4 mJ: these energies are calculated for   = 9.75 µm, a radiating area 1 mm  1 mm (which is overestimated considering typical reduced sections used Figure 6. For the temperature range corresponding to the pre-arcing period, evolutions (at atmospheric pressure) of the enthalpy [10], the electrical conductivity [12] (extrapolation from 1670 K [13]) and the thermal conductivity [11] in the case of silver. K -1 [16] (at 300 K) for the air in the interstices of the silica sand.…”

Section: Electrical and Thermal Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric fuses operation, a review: 1. Pre-arcing period

Bussière

2012

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Abstract. Electrical needs are continously growing because of many various factors linked to increasing consumption and a green perception. This development -geographical, increasing production, growth of transport network, interconnection of continental networks, diversity of the transport technologies … -can not be dissociated from electrical safety considerations whatever the voltage level. For the three main levels of electric network -High Voltage, Middle Voltage and Low Voltage -one has to provide efficient electrical safety techniques or schemas which integrate different electrical safety apparatus. Among well-known apparatus we can cite SF 6 breakers, HV and MV switchgears (such as MV cells, MV and LV high current vacuum switchgears), and fuses. Electrical fuses are especially used in the MV and LV domains, sometimes as an additional safety device and sometimes as the main electrical safety component which is linked to the electrical current breaking function of electric fuse. In the paper, we will quickly depict the various kinds of electric fuses. We will especially focuss on the physical mechanisms -whatever the type of work, experimental, theoretical, modelling or empirical -prevailing during the pre-arcing period of the electric fuse operation.

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Numerical study of the short pre-arcing time in high breaking capacity fuses via an enthalpy formulation

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Experimental study of HBC fuses working at short and medium pre-arcing times

Experimental study of HBC fuses working at short and medium pre-arcing times

Simulations and Measurements of the Pre-Arcing Times in HBC Fuses Under Typical Electric Faults

Electric fuses operation, a review: 1. Pre-arcing period

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