Numerical study of the effects of mangrove areas and tidal flats on tides: A case study of Darwin Harbour, Australia

Li, Li; Wang, Xiaohua; Williams, David; Sidhu, Harvinder; Song, Dehai

doi:10.1029/2011jc007494

Cited by 25 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…The strong tidal currents in combination with the complex, shallow bathymetry caused the high spatial variability observed in most of the surface measurements from site to site (e.g., Figure 2) as a result of localized, small scale up-and downwelling processes. Previous modeling studies have shown that Darwin Harbour's hydrodynamics are driven mainly by tides, with the wind and seasonal river inputs playing somewhat smaller roles (Li et al, 2012). In particular, Li et al (2014) reported that the dynamics of TSS in DH vary with the spring-neap tidal cycle, with the whole water column being well-mixed during spring tides.…”

Section: Effect Of Local and Seasonal Forcingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Optical Properties of Two Neigboring Coastal Regions of Tropical Northern Australia: The Van Diemen Gulf and Darwin Harbour

et al. 2017

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This study focuses on the seasonal and spatial characterization of inherent optical properties and biogeochemical concentrations in the Van Diemen Gulf and Darwin Harbour, two neighboring tropical coastal environments of Northern Australia that exhibit shallow depths (∼20 m), large (>3 m) semi-diurnal tides, and a monsoonal climate. To gain insight in the functioning of these optically complex coastal ecosystems, a total of 23 physical, biogeochemical, and optical parameters were sampled at 63 stations during three field campaigns covering the 2012 wet and dry seasons, and the 2013 dry season. The total light absorption budget in the Van Diemen Gulf was dominated by nonalgal particles (a NAP ; >45%) during the dry season (May-October) and colored dissolved organic matter (a CDOM ; 60%) during the wet season (November-April). The combined absorption by a NAP and a CDOM generally exceeded ∼80% of the total absorption budget from 400 to 620 nm, with phytoplankton, a Phy , accounting for <20%. In Darwin Harbour, where only the dry season conditions were sampled, the total absorption budget was dominated by an equivalent contribution of a CDOM , a NAP, and phytoplankton. The major processes explaining the seasonal variability observed in the Van Diemen Gulf are resuspension from seasonal south-easterly trade winds in combination with the tidal energy and shallow bathymetry during the dry season months, and mostly terrestrial river runoff during the monsoon which discharge terrestrial CDOM from the surrounding wetlands. Due to light-limited conditions all year round, the particulate scattering coefficient [b p (555)] contributed significantly (90%) to the beam attenuation coefficient c(555), thus strongly limiting phytoplankton growth (Chlorophyll a ∼1 mg.m −3 ). Spatially, the Van Diemen Gulf had higher total suspended solids and nutrient concentrations than Darwin Harbour, with dissolved organic carbon and a CDOM subjected to photobleaching during the dry season. Key bio-optical relationships derived from this comprehensive Blondeau-Patissier et al. Northern Australian Waters' Optical Properties set of parameters, the first ever to be collected in this tropical coastal environment, were successfully used for a region-specific seasonal parameterization a regionspecific seasonally parameterized ocean color algorithm. Challenges related to the parameterization, and the use, of ocean color remote sensing algorithms for these optically complex waters are discussed.

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Section: Effect Of Local and Seasonal Forcingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Optical Properties of Two Neigboring Coastal Regions of Tropical Northern Australia: The Van Diemen Gulf and Darwin Harbour

et al. 2017

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“…Changes in the SuspendedSediment Distribution The removal of the mangroves and tidal flats changes the tides in the harbor [Li et al, 2012], and consequently generates a different SSC distribution. In Experiment 2, with the mangrove areas removed from the model, the water was still turbid in the outer harbor, as in Experiment 1, during both spring tides ( Figure 9a) and neap tides ( Figure 9b); however, the maximum SSC at the bottom level was about 20% larger than in Experiment 1.…”

Section: Effect Of Mangroves and Tidalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar effects appeared in the Middle Arm entrance (Cross-section 4), as shown in Figures 10g-10i. Similar to Li et al [2012], the combined mangrove areas and tidal flats were removed incrementally by 30%, 50%, and 70% in Experiments 4-6 to further examine their impact on total sediment flux in the harbor. The total sediment flux at Cross-section 1, seaward in Experiment 1 with the mangrove areas and tidal flats present, decreased in Experiment 4 (30% removal), then slightly increased in Experiment 5 (50% removal) (Figure 11).…”

Section: Factors Controlling Suspended-sediment Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hydrodynamic model was calibrated by Li et al [2012]. Sediment-model calibration was conducted in the current study to obtain a set of parameters to set up the model and improve model accuracy using observed suspended-sediment concentrations at the bottom level at seven stations ( Figure 1a).…”

Section: Model Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Northern Territory Government has paid particular attention to the aquatic and terrestrial environment of the harbor [e.g., Fortune and Drewry, 2011]. Many studies have been conducted on the harbor's biological systems [e.g., McKinnon et al, 2006;Metcalfe and Glasby, 2008;Michie, 1987;Sinclair Knight Merz Pty Ltd., 2011]; pollution and nutrients [e.g., Metcalfe et al, 2011;Peerzad et al, 1990;Peerzada and Dickinson, 1988;Peerzada and Kozlik, 1992;Peerzada and Ryan, 1987;Smith and Haese, 2009]; and on the harbor's hydrodynamics [e.g., Andutta et al, 2013;Karimi et al, 2013;Li et al, 2012;Williams et al, 2006] and seabed materials [Fortune, 2006]. However, studies of suspended sediment in Darwin Harbour (DH) are limited to Williams [2009], which examined the effect of the mangroves and tidal flats on suspended-sediment transport have not been well-examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of mangroves and tidal flats on suspended‐sediment dynamics: Observational and numerical study of Darwin Harbour, Australia

Wang

Andutta

et al. 2014

JGR Oceans

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The suspended-sediment dynamics in Darwin Harbour, Australia were investigated using field measurements and numerical modeling. The model suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) agreed well with observation; the root-mean-square error was less than 0.02 kg m 23 and the anomaly correlation coefficient greater than 0.6. Model results indicate that the tide is the dominant forcing for suspended-sediment transport: total sediment transport was seaward in the channel and landward at the East and Middle Arm entrances, dominated by the Eulerian residual current. Further numerical experiments indicate that mangroves and tidal flats play key roles in redistributing suspended sediment and affecting total sediment transport by modulating the tides and the tidal asymmetry. In Darwin Harbour, if these areas were reclaimed, there would be a significant transport of sediment into the inner harbor. However, the water in East Arm would be less turbid, with about 70% lower bottom SSC during spring tides. The landward sediment flux at its entrance would decrease by 99%, because of reduced currents in the Arm due to a weakened tidal choking effect. Tidal pumping would then dominate sediment transport in the channel and at the entrances of East and Middle Arms. Dredging for the East Arm Wharf affected the SSC upstream in East Arm. According to the model, material from dredging disposed of at a location outside the harbor will be transported back into the outer harbor, generating higher SSC values there. Although this study is sitespecific, the findings may be applicable to suspended-sediment dynamics in other harbors and estuaries with extensive tidal flats and mangroves.

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Coastal Oceanography: Physics and Biology

Wang¹,

Gao²,

Wang³

et al. 2019

Encyclopedia of Water

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Many world estuaries and coastal environments are under tremendous stress in response to the increased anthropogenic forcing and climate change. A good understanding of the current state of these marine environments and lessons learnt from these human influences would be extremely valuable to restore and protect these habitats and ecosystems from further environmental degradation and catastrophe. This article provides a synthesis in which the latest research addressing the physics, sedimentary processes, biology, chemistry, and ecological processes is associated with these rapidly changing estuarine and coastal environments. It will explore the challenges and opportunities for future research in China's estuaries and coastal waters around the world.

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Numerical study of the effects of mangrove areas and tidal flats on tides: A case study of Darwin Harbour, Australia

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

Bio-Optical Properties of Two Neigboring Coastal Regions of Tropical Northern Australia: The Van Diemen Gulf and Darwin Harbour

Bio-Optical Properties of Two Neigboring Coastal Regions of Tropical Northern Australia: The Van Diemen Gulf and Darwin Harbour

Effects of mangroves and tidal flats on suspended‐sediment dynamics: Observational and numerical study of Darwin Harbour, Australia

Coastal Oceanography: Physics and Biology

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