Numerical study of hypersonic reacting boundary layer transition on cones

Johnson, Heath B.; Seipp, Trevor G.; Candler, Graham V.

doi:10.2514/6.1997-2567

Cited by 36 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“….h e C h w / C 0:092u 2 e (6) As for the other ow parametersbehindthe bow shock, the condition is assumed to be in equilibrium.In the carbondioxide case, however, the composition at the wall (T w D 300 K) is not necessarily 100% carbon dioxide, especially for high-enthalpy shots. This is because the dissociated gas in the boundary layer reacts at the wall along with a set of surface reactions to form a mixture of CO 2 , CO, and O 2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be examined in numerical calculations, for example, by switching the sign of the enthalpy derivative with respect to the degree of dissociation for ideal dissociating gas, as was done by Johnson et al 6 Their numerical result that this virtual switching leads to a signi cant destabilization underlines the importance of relaxation processes on disturbance growth.…”

Section: Background High-enthalpy Effect On Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The former found that equilibrium high-enthalpyeffects stabilize rst-mode disturbancesand that they destabilize higher modes, whereas the latter found that the chemical nonequilibrium effect stabilizes the boundary layer but not signi cantly. More recently, Johnson et al 6 calculated the linear stability of the boundary layer on a 5-deg half-angle cone considering thermal and chemical nonequilibriumeffects. They examined high-enthalpyeffectson transitionthroughmean ow pro le change and disturbance growth separately.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Experimental Investigation of High-Enthalpy Effects on Attachment-Line Boundary-Layer Transition

Fujii¹,

Hornung

2003

AIAA Journal

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A series of experiments was performed on high-enthalpy effects on hypersonic boundary-layer transition using nitrogen, air, and carbon dioxide as test gases in the T5 hypervelocity shock tunnel. Previous experiments on a sharp cone showed signi cant high enthalpy effects. This series concerns the attachment line boundary layer on swept cylinders with sweep angles of 60 and 45 deg. The observed trend of transition Reynolds number with enthalpy, which is found to be similar to that in the cone results, shows strong transition delay at the larger sweep angle for carbon dioxide, whereas no signi cant effect is observed in nitrogen and air. The acoustic wave absorption rate due to relaxation shows a quite similar trend in enthalpy dependence to transition Reynolds number for the carbon dioxide case. This suggests that the dominant effect in delaying transition in the case is vibrational relaxation. The comparisons between the magnitude of the strongest ampli cation rate from an inviscid linear stability analysis and the absorption rate due to relaxation show that they are of the same order of magnitude for carbon dioxide and that absorption is not signi cant for nitrogen or air, which supports the stated understanding of the effect of relaxation on transition. Nomenclature

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background High-enthalpy Effect On Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Investigation of High-Enthalpy Effects on Attachment-Line Boundary-Layer Transition

Fujii¹,

Hornung

2003

AIAA Journal

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“…6 This is entirely different from lower speed ows, where transition is dominated by the Tollmien-Schlichting mode. Linear stability computations by Johnson et al 7 indicated that, at T5 tunnel experimental conditions, the most unstable mode had frequencies of the order of 1-3 MHz. Such high frequencies are highly indicative of the second mode and con rmed that the Mack mode was indeed the most strongly ampli ed mode.…”

Section: Introduction Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there was reason to believe that the effectiveness of the porous surface would depend on h 0 because calculations by Johnson et al 7 in air indicated that the most unstable mode frequencies varied with h 0 . Figure 5 gives a summary of the data for the nitrogen shots.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experiments on Passive Hypervelocity Boundary-Layer Control Using an Ultrasonically Absorptive Surface

et al. 2002

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Recently performed linear stability analyses suggested that transition could be delayed in hypersonic boundary layers by using an ultrasonically absorptive surface to damp the second mode (Mack mode). Boundary-layer transition experiments were performed on a sharp 5.06-deg half-angle round cone at zero angle of attack in the T5 Hypervelocity Shock Tunnel to test this concept. The cone was constructed with a smooth surface around half the cone circumference (to serve as a control) and an acoustically absorptive porous surface on the other half. Test gases investigated included nitrogen and carbon dioxide at M 1 ' 5 with speci c reservoir enthalpy ranging from 1.3 to 13.0 MJ/kg and reservoir pressure ranging from 9.0 to 50.0 MPa. Comparisons were performed to ensure that previous results obtained in similar experiments (on a regular smooth surface) were reproduced, and the results were extended to examine the effects of the porous surface. These experiments indicated that the porous surface was highly effective in delaying transition provided that the pore size was signi cantly smaller than the viscous length scale.

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Stability of fluid–structure thermal simulations on moving grids

Roe

Haselbacher

Geubelle

2007

Numerical Methods in Fluids

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SUMMARYThis article analyses the stability of a thermally coupled fluid-structure interaction problem with a moving interface. Two types of fluid and structural discretizations are investigated: finite-difference/finite-difference as well as the more traditional finite-volume/finite-element (FV/FE) configuration. In either case, the material properties and grid spacing are treated as uniform within each domain. A theoretical stability analysis and corresponding numerical tests show that greater stability is associated with the algorithm in which the fluid domain is passed a Dirichlet condition and the solid domain a von Neumann condition and that the stability of the coupled scheme may be strongly affected by the interface velocity. Furthermore, it shows that the interface velocity has a larger destabilizing effect on the FV/FE discretization than on a finite-difference/finite-difference discretization.

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Numerical study of hypersonic reacting boundary layer transition on cones

Cited by 36 publications

References 21 publications

Experimental Investigation of High-Enthalpy Effects on Attachment-Line Boundary-Layer Transition

Experimental Investigation of High-Enthalpy Effects on Attachment-Line Boundary-Layer Transition

Experiments on Passive Hypervelocity Boundary-Layer Control Using an Ultrasonically Absorptive Surface

Stability of fluid–structure thermal simulations on moving grids

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