“…Thus, in the current section, a Caputo fractional derivative-based mathematical model is devolved, predicting the outbreak of covid-19 for the Italian populations. In this regard, Caputo fractional derivative [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] has been applied in the conventional proposed mathematical model ( equation 1.1 - 1.14 ). Then the system of the nonlinear fractional-order differential equation is as follows: …”