Numerical study of depressurization and hot water injection for gas hydrate production in China's first offshore test site

Ma, Xiaolong; Sun, Youhong; Лиу, Баочанг; Guo, Wei; Jia, Rui; Li, Bing; Li, Shengli

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2020.103530

Cited by 53 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The average gas production rate in a single production well for commercial gas production level is approximately 3.0 × 10 5 m 3 /day. 16 However, the maximum and average gas production rates during depressurization at 3 MPa in Model 1-a in Figure 8b are 1.58 × 10 5 m 3 /day and 2.11 × 10 4 m 3 /day, respectively. These gas production rates are below the commercial gas production level, and a high amount of water production makes gas production quite difficult (i.e., pump during depressurization, so ice did not form under these conditions.…”

Section: Numerical Model and Simulation Approachmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Moreover, the production methods used in these trials are demonstrated in Figure . The average gas production rate in a single production well for commercial production level is approximately 3.0 × 10 5 m 3 /day . As seen in Figure , the average gas production rates in gas hydrate production trials in the world are below the average commercial level-gas production rate for a single well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The average gas production rate in a single production well for commercial production level is approximately 3.0 × 10 5 m 3 / day. 16 As seen in Figure 3, the average gas production rates in gas hydrate production trials in the world are below the average commercial level-gas production rate for a single well. Therefore, new production techniques are essential and wellbore configurations might affect gas production rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Gas Production from Methane Hydrate Reservoirs in Different Well Configurations: A Case Study in the Conditions of the Black Sea

Ubeyd

Merey

2020

Energy Fuels

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Gas hydrates are considered “near-future energy resources” due to their vast existence all around the world. Recently, China has tested gas production from methane hydrate-bearing clayey silts via horizontal well technology for the first time. This study aims to investigate the effect of well configuration on gas production from the Black Sea gas hydrates. Mainly, two different hydrate-bearing models (single-layer homogeneous hydrate-bearing sands and multilayer hydrate-bearing turbidite) were constructed in this study. Gas production numerical simulations were held using the TOUGH + HYDRATE simulator. Gas production via the horizontal well in single-layer homogeneous hydrate-bearing sand was higher compared to the vertical well case at early stages. However, fast depressurization via the horizontal well caused a rapid decline in reservoir temperature and hydrate dissociation rate. Then, local hydrate reformation was detected near the wellbore. In the later periods of gas production, higher gas production with the vertical well was obtained. The clay layers in the heterogeneous methane hydrate reservoirs (alternating sand and clay layers in turbidite) behave like a barrier to depressurization with a horizontal well.

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Section: Numerical Model and Simulation Approachmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Gas Production from Methane Hydrate Reservoirs in Different Well Configurations: A Case Study in the Conditions of the Black Sea

Ubeyd

Merey

2020

Energy Fuels

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“…Note that after 4 years, Q T decreased obviously when the branch fractures became longer. There are two factors accounting for this phenomenon: (1) at the early stage, the hydrates around the fracture area have almost dissociated completely, and the pressure gradient gradually became small when the dissociation front reached to the hydrates far from the fractures, thus leading to the slowdown of the hydrate dissociation process after the early stage and (2) when the branch fractures vertically extended in the HBL, they would gradually approach the adjacent sublayers (i.e., OB and TPL), so the pore water in the adjacent sublayers (especially in the water-saturated OB) was more likely to flow into the wellbore through the fractures, which would increase the water production and thus have a competing relationship with the gas production . As a result, the curve of V T exhibited a rapid upward trend at the early stage, but the growth rate gradually declined after 4 years.…”

Section: Gas Production Behavior With Branch Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Production Enhancement from a Multilayered Hydrate Reservoir in the South China Sea by Hydraulic Fracturing

Guan

Wang

et al. 2021

Energy Fuels

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In this work, hydraulic fracturing was used for gas hydrate production at the second test site in the South China Sea for the first time. A multilayered hydrate reservoir model with low permeabilities was built on the basis of the field data obtained at this site, and artificial fractures were assumed to be created in the hydrate-bearing layer by hydraulic fracturing. Long-term simulations of the depressurization-induced gas hydrate production were conducted with a horizontal well, and the effects of the fractures on the enhanced gas recovery were thoroughly investigated. From the analysis of the simulation results, it can be known that the horizontal fracture could greatly promote the long-term production of natural gas from the reservoir, while the vertical branch fractures mainly contributed to the short-term gas recovery. By a combination of a horizontal fracture of 50 m with four branch fractures of 40 m, the long-term average gas production rate for a 1000 m long horizontal well was estimated to be 1.49 × 104 m3/day, and thus only two such horizontal wells were required to reach the level of the second Shenhu field trial (2.87 × 104 m3/day). This indicated that hydraulic fracturing was a promising technology for gas production enhancement from low-permeability clayey-silt hydrate reservoirs.

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“…Despite the vast volumes of the resource, commercial scale exploitation is yet to be achieved. Although no commercialscale extraction has yet occurred (Dong et al, 2020;Ma et al, 2020;Dhakal and Gupta, 2021), the development of the necessary tools, and production techniques is very likely because of advances in hydrocarbon production from deep shale formations (Beaudoin et al, 2014). Major efforts to explore the commercial development of NGH has been ongoing in a number of countries, with energy-resource-poor countries such as Japan and India contributing significantly to these efforts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of methane gas production from natural gas hydrates: Challenges, technology and market outlook

Shaibu

Sambo

Guo

et al. 2021

Adv. Geo-Energy Res.

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Natural gas hydrates are enormous energy resources occurring in the permafrost and under deep ocean sediments. However, the commercial or sustained production of this resource with currently available technology remains a technical, environmental, and economic challenge, albeit a few production tests have been conducted to date. One of the major challenges has been sand production due to the unconsolidated nature of hydrate bearing formations. This review presents progress in methane gas production from natural gas hydrate deposits, specifically addressing the technology, field production and simulation tests, challenges, and the market outlook. Amongst the production techniques, the depressurization method of dissociating natural gas hydrates is widely accepted as the most feasible option and it has been used the most in field test trials and simulation studies. The market for natural gas hydrates looks promising considering the increasing demand for energy globally, limited availability of conventional fossil fuels, and the low carbon footprint when using natural gas compared to liquid and solid fossil fuels. The major market setback currently is cheap gas from shale and conventional oil and gas reservoirs.

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Numerical study of depressurization and hot water injection for gas hydrate production in China's first offshore test site

Cited by 53 publications

References 39 publications

Gas Production from Methane Hydrate Reservoirs in Different Well Configurations: A Case Study in the Conditions of the Black Sea

Gas Production from Methane Hydrate Reservoirs in Different Well Configurations: A Case Study in the Conditions of the Black Sea

Gas Production Enhancement from a Multilayered Hydrate Reservoir in the South China Sea by Hydraulic Fracturing

An assessment of methane gas production from natural gas hydrates: Challenges, technology and market outlook

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