Numerical solution of magnetohydrodynamics effects on a generalised power law fluid model of blood flow through a bifurcated artery with an overlapping shaped stenosis

Abstract

This paper presents a numerical analysis of blood flow in a diseased vessel within the presence of an external magnetic field. The blood flow was considered to be incompressible and fully developed, in that the non-Newtonian nature of the fluid was characterised as a generalised power law model for shear-thinning, Newtonian, and shear-thickening fluids. The impact of a transverse directed external magnetic field on blood flow through a stenosed bifurcated artery was investigated. The arterial geometry was considered as a bifurcated channel with overlapping shaped stenosis. The problem was treated mathematically using the Galerkin Least-Squares (GLS) method. The implementation of this numerical method managed to overcome the numerical instability faced by the classical Galerkin technique when adopted to a highly viscous flow. The benefit of GLS in circumventing the Ladyzhenskaya-Babuška-Brezzi (LBB) condition was utilized by evaluating both the velocity and pressure components at corner nodes of a unstructured triangular element. The non-linearity that emerged from the convective terms was then treated using the Newton-Raphson method, while the numerical integrals were computed using a Gaussian quadrature rule with six quadrature points. The findings obtained from this study were then compared with available results from the literature as well as Comsol multiphysics software to verify the accuracy and validity of the numerical algorithms. It was found that the application of magnetic field was able to overcome flow reversal by 39% for a shear-thinning fluid, 26% for a Newtonian fluid, and 27% for a shear-thickening fluid. The negative pressure and steep wall shear stress which occurs at the extremities of an overlapping stenosis throat were diminished by rise in magnetic intensity. This prevented thrombosis occurrence and produced a uniform calm flow.

Entropy generation analysis of a ternary hybrid nanofluid (Au-CuO-GO/blood) containing gyrotactic microorganisms in bifurcated artery

“…The researchers noted an augmentation in heat transfer rate corresponding to the Grashof number, concomitant with reduced stenosis severity. Zain and Ismail (2023) analysed MHD effects on blood flow via a Gyrotactic microorganisms in bifurcated artery bifurcated artery with overlapping-shaped stenosis. The authors suggested that enhancing the magnetic number reduced the WSS at the constricted section of the stenosis throat.…”

The significance of ternary hybrid cross bio-nanofluid model in expanding/contracting cylinder with inclined magnetic field

“…A computational study with Oldroyd-B nanofluid flow and magnetized gold-blood particles passing through the blood was conducted by (Tang et al, 2023a). Furthermore, literature regarding magnetized gold-blood nanofluid stenosis narrow arteries, blood flow via arteries with overlapping shaped stenosis, and vertical porous multiple stenoses can be traced by (Zain and Ismail, 2023a;Tang et al, 2023b;El Kot and Abd Elmaboud, 2023).…”

“…These findings suggest that an inclined magnetic field could have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of various cardiovascular disorders. Zain et al (Zain and Ismail, 2023b) explored the numerical results regarding the effects of MHD on blood flow by taking the mathematical model of power and the law fluid model. The latest study related to the influence of MHD, Dufour, and Soret effects on blood through a stenosed artery and keeping variable viscosity is established by Mishra et al (Mishra et al, 2023).…”

Enhancing Heat Transfer in Blood Hybrid Nanofluid Flow with Ag–TiO2 Nanoparticles and Electrical Field in a Tilted Cylindrical W-Shape Stenosis Artery: A Finite Difference Approach

“…These include an unhealthy diet, insufficient physical activity, tobacco use, elevated blood pressure and cholesterol levels, obesity, diabetes, and a family history of CVDs, among others. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have the potential to inflict harm upon various components of the cardiovascular system, such as the heart, blood vessels, and other organs [16][17][18][19][20]. This can occur as a result of conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, peripheral artery disease, aortic aneurysms, and arrhythmias [21].…”