Numerical simulations of ice accumulation under ice cover along a river bend

Sui, Jueyi; Chen, Ping

doi:10.1007/bf03326055

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A variety of research works regarding river ice hydraulics have been carried out based on prototype observations [2,4,[7][8][9], laboratory experiments [10,11], theoretical analysis [12][13][14] and numerical simulation [15][16][17][18]. Up to date, most of the reported research is focused on the formation, evolution and mechanism of ice jams.…”

Section: Of 18mentioning

confidence: 99%

Waved-Shape Accumulation of Ice Jam—Analysis and Experimental Study

Chen

Sui

Cao

et al. 2022

Water

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Ice jam is a unique hydrological phenomenon in rivers in cold regions. The appearance of an ice jam in a river results in an increase in the wetted perimeter of the flow cross-section, and thus an increase in flow resistance as well as water level. It may cause ice flooding sometimes. Similar to the “sand wave” phenomenon in riverbed, it has been observed in laboratory experiments that the waved-shape accumulation of ice particles (termed as “ice wave”) under an ice jam occurred. In this study, an Equation for describing the relationship between the approaching flow Froude number (Fr) and the ratio of ice jam thickness to flow depth (t/H) has been proposed. Taking the inflection point value of the equation under different flow depths, a characteristic curve has been developed to judge whether ice waves under an ice jam occurs. When the flow Froude number in front of an ice jam is below the value at the inflection point of the curve, the ice jam can maintain a mechanical stability within the ice jam thickness in a range from the lower limiting value to the upper limiting value, which were close to the ice wave trough thickness and the ice wave crest thickness, respectively. An Equation for calculating the ice wavelength has been derived and verified by using results of laboratory experiments. The relationship between the migration speed of ice wave and the ratio of ice discharge to water flow rate (Qi/Q) has been also analyzed. At last, case studies have been conducted with respect to ice accumulation in the St. Lawrence River, the Beauharnois Canal and the La Grande River. Results of case studies show that the shoving and ice dam have been dominated by mechanical factors, which would be accompanied by the ice wave phenomenon during the ice jam accumulation process. Results of case studies about ice accumulation in natural rivers also show that the relative thickness of an ice jam (t/H) of 0.4 is the criterion for assessing whether an ice jam in a river belongs to an ice dam.

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Section: Of 18mentioning

confidence: 99%

Waved-Shape Accumulation of Ice Jam—Analysis and Experimental Study

Chen

Sui

Cao

et al. 2022

Water

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“…Domestic and foreign research into ice hydraulics mainly focuses on ice jams. The formation and accumulation mechanisms of ice jams have been explored extensively through prototype observation (Sui et al, 2002;Beltaos and Carter, 2009;Deng et al, 2019;Wolfe et al, 2020), experimental study (Healy and Hicks, 2006;Wang et al, 2019), theoretical analysis (Daly and Axelson, 1990;Hicks and Frontiers in Earth Science frontiersin.org Healy, 2003;Wang et al, 2012), and numerical simulation (Beltaos, 2008;Wang et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2011;Beltaos, 2019). The data observed show that, in winter, river ice generally goes through several stages, namely, ice pans (floe) floating period, freeze-up period, ice-covered/jammed period and river break-up period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation and evolution of ice jams influenced by different ice discharge: An experimental analysis

et al. 2023

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Ice jam, a unique hydrological phenomenon of rivers in cold regions, is a major cause of ice flooding. There are many different kinds of damage that can result from ice jams: e.g., blockage of the water flow, rising water levels that can flood farmland and dwellings, damage to hydraulic structures, and interruptions to shipping. The formation of an ice jam is influenced by various factors associated with different fields of study. The accumulation of an ice jam is thus a complex process worth investigating. However, previous studies seldom take account of ice discharge factors. This study carries out 29 tests on the accumulation of an ice jam, and discovers four kinds of phenomena: inlet ice that fails to submerge (case 1); thickening ice from upstream to downstream (case 2); thickening ice from downstream to upstream (case 3); and failure to form an ice jam (case 4). Two typical examples are used to detail cases 2 and 3. The authors suggest differentiating between the two cases using the longitudinal boundary line running through the point of the Froude number (Fr) = 0.119. Furthermore, the authors analyze the phenomena that make it difficult for an ice jam to form and suggest using the critical discriminant line to distinguish between cases 3 and 4. Combined with the longitudinal boundary line, a partition result diagram of the different accumulation features of ice jams is presented to differentiate between the four modes of accumulation of ice jams.

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“…The maximum concentration showed a linear correlation with the Froude number. Wang et al [9] applied the k-ε model for turbulence development of under-ice flow in channel bend in a non-orthogonal system. Wang et al [1] performed an experimental study on different ice discharges in an S-shaped channel bend.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freeze-Up Ice Jam Formation in the River Bend, a Case Study on the Inner Mongolia Reach of Yellow River

et al. 2021

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Concern has been expressed regarding the impacts of climate change on river ice and ice jam formation in cold regions. Ice jams are easily initiated in bends and narrow channels and cause disasters. In this study, observations and remote sensing monitoring are used to study the freeze-up ice jam formation of bends. Sediment transport and freezing process of the river interact, influencing bed changes profile and sedimentary budget. River ice processes, channel evolution, ice hydro-thermodynamics, and ice jam accumulation are explored. The results show that the channel topography determines the river thalweg, and that the channel elevation interacts with the river ice through sediment transport. The channel shrinkage increases the probability of ice jam, and the sharp bend is prone to ice jam formation. Under the effect of secondary circulation flow in the bend and in the outer bank, the juxtaposed freeze-up and the hummocky ice cover occur in the same location, and frazil ice accumulates under the junction of the main channel and the shoals. Affected by the increase of the hydraulic slope and the velocity downstream, open water reaches develops downstream of the ice accumulation. An open water section is emerged upstream of the bend, due to the ice deposition, and partly cut-off supply of the frazil.

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Numerical simulations of ice accumulation under ice cover along a river bend

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Waved-Shape Accumulation of Ice Jam—Analysis and Experimental Study

Waved-Shape Accumulation of Ice Jam—Analysis and Experimental Study

Accumulation and evolution of ice jams influenced by different ice discharge: An experimental analysis

Freeze-Up Ice Jam Formation in the River Bend, a Case Study on the Inner Mongolia Reach of Yellow River

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