Numerical Simulation to Study Scale Formation on SSV Valves

Poletto, Vinicius Gustavo; Lai, Fernando Cesar De; Ferreira, Marcus Vinicius Duarte; Martins, A.L.; Junqueira, Silvio L. M.

doi:10.2118/200689-ms

Day 2 Thu, June 25, 2020 2020

DOI: 10.2118/200689-ms

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Numerical Simulation to Study Scale Formation on SSV Valves

Vinicius Gustavo Poletto

Fernando Cesar De Lai

Marcus Vinicius Duarte Ferreira

et al.

Abstract: This work provides a preliminary study of solids adherence on the surfaces of a sliding-sleeve valve (SSV), aiming to mimic inorganic scaling process. SSVs assembled in production sites subjected to water flooding might suffer from scale deposits of barium sulphate. Scaling may result in production stops, production restriction and also heavy workover jobs, reducing project profitability. The simulation of the scaling formation process allows the observation of fouling hotspots and, shortly, it can become a po… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

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New Scale Prediction Approach Through Numerical Simulations

Ferreira

Martins

Maciel

et al. 2020

Day 4 Thu, October 29, 2020

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One of the most concerns regarding the development of the Brazilian pre-salt cluster is due to scale issues. The huge carbonate reservoirs have a high potential for salt depositions while the produced fluid flow along the well. Furthermore, emerging wellbore configurations aiming the well construction cost reduction and improving reliability, also brings some drawbacks, such as the inability for downhole chemical injection in the open-hole full-eletric intelligent completion schemes, for instance. Scale prediction is worldwide traditionally performed using the formation water thermodynamical evaluation under static conditions through commercial softwares, leading to conservative results that may not distinguish the scaling risk of two different wellbore configurations. The approach neglects th geometry of completion accessories and the fluid dynamics, both substantial factors that influence precipitated-crystals process such as agglomeration and adhesion to the surface. This paper aims to show two different methodologies under development, in two different universities in Brazil, for enhancing scale prediction studies. Both uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques to describe the fluid flow through a completion accessory applying an Euler-Lagrange approach is applied. The first approach coupled the CFD study to the Discrete Phase Method (DPM). The second approach coupled the CFD to the Discrete Element Method (DEM). Results are explored by applying these two methodologies.

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New Scale Prediction Approach Through Numerical Simulations

Ferreira

Martins

Maciel

et al. 2020

Day 4 Thu, October 29, 2020

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Subsurface Scale Diagnosis and Remediation to Uplift Oil Production

Wang

Wei

Nash

et al. 2022

Day 1 Wed, May 25, 2022

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Scale formation at the subsurface can block perforations, fractures, and pore throats in the near-wellbore region, causing formation damage and loss of well productivity. This paper presents a field case study with an integrated data analysis approach and conceptual model on the diagnosis, remediation, and control of subsurface scale formation. Unlike scale deposits in production tubing or topside facility, subsurface scale deposits cannot easily be collected or visually observed due to operational uncertainty/difficulty/cost, and safety considerations. In this study, integrated data analysis and scale modeling based on field conditions and water chemistry data from downhole formation water samples, preserved core samples, completion brines, and produced water samples were utilized to diagnose subsurface scale formation and help develop remediation strategy for a deep water well with significant production underperformance (50%+ lower than expected). MDT (modular formation dynamics tester) water data from this field can be categorized into 3 groups with higher (Type 1), medium (Type 2), and lower (Type 3) concentrations of Cl-, Ca2+, and Ba2+. A novel mathematical algorithm was developed and successfully implemented to calculate produced water source allocation and the composition of produced formation water over time. The calculated produced formation water chemistry data is consistent with MDT water database with respect to both total ion concentrations and ion-ion correlations. Produced water source allocation results show the produced formation water changed from type 1/2 water-dominating composition to type 3 water-dominating composition over time. Integration of the time-lapse produced water source allocation results, production data, and scale modeling results, and comparison with analog wells indicate potential block-out of production from certain formation zones at the underperforming well. Calcite scale precipitation at subsurface due to completion brine-formation water commingling in the near wellbore region during well completion and shut-in stages prior to production is deemed as a primary cause of the production allocation change and significant production underperformance. Learnings from this study provided an important basis to develop/optimize well remediation and subsurface scale control strategies. This paper clearly demonstrates an integrated data analysis approach based on historical water chemistry and production profile for subsurface scale diagnosis. Moreover, a conceptual model has been developed to help explain, diagnose, and control subsurface scale formation and its impact on well production underperformance. The developed model is successfully applied and validated in explaining findings/results in this field case study.

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Hydrodynamic Simulation Supports Scale Formation in Technical Specification for Downhole Equipment

Poletto

Mazuroski

Pereira

et al. 2022

Day 1 Wed, May 25, 2022

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The huge carbonate reservoirs of the Brazilian pre-salt layer are likely to experience inorganic scale formation, mainly due to calcium carbonate. Emerging wellbore configurations, designed to reduce cost and increase reliability, show some drawbacks as the inability of injecting chemical inhibitors in the open-hole full-electric intelligent completion schemes. Traditionally, scale prediction relies on thermodynamic modeling, having a glimpse on the precipitation potential under static conditions, but neglecting the constructive details of the tools’ geometry and the fluid dynamic influence over the precipitated crystals. This paper details a Euler-Lagrange approach for the modeling of the liquid-solid flow applied to the simulation of scale formation in Internal Control Valves (ICVs). Numerical simulation is performed by the means of the Finite Volume method coupled to the Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM), obtaining results as the accumulated mass in specific parts of the equipment (fouling hotspots) and the transient pressure uptrend as a consequence of flow blockage. The fouling forms as the particulate agglomerates adhere to the walls under the effects of turbulence and the adhesion force set up between particle-particle and particle-wall, hindering the flow due to the four-way-coupling between phases. Thus, the results compute the solids deposition that depends on the valve geometry, rather just the precipitation rate. Additionally, the simulation may be run by the Finite Volume Method coupled to the Discrete Phase Method (CFD-DPM) with an associated operation of remeshing. The fouling consists in computing the accumulated mass over the equipment surface and deforming the geometry to represent the obstruction. The numerical results are useful for the equipment technical specification, specifying the level of scale the valve has to withstand in a time window and also quantify acceptance criteria in terms of the pressure increase and the adhered mass. It is also possible to compare concurrent geometries in terms of reliability and propose design upgrades.

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Numerical Simulation to Study Scale Formation on SSV Valves

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

New Scale Prediction Approach Through Numerical Simulations

New Scale Prediction Approach Through Numerical Simulations

Subsurface Scale Diagnosis and Remediation to Uplift Oil Production

Hydrodynamic Simulation Supports Scale Formation in Technical Specification for Downhole Equipment

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