Numerical Simulation of Transient Heat Transfer in a Protective Clothing System during a Flash Fire Exposure

Ghazy, Ahmed; Bergstrom, Donald J.

doi:10.1080/10407782.2010.516691

Cited by 69 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The most common practice would solve (6)(7), in the first stage, for u n+1 using either a Newton or Picard type iteration, and then (8), in the second stage, for θ n+1 , which becomes a linear system. The present solution method is now outlined.…”

Section: Temporal Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this formulation (6)(7)(8), the nonlinear dynamics between the velocity u and the temperature θ is calculated simultaneously, which requires an efficient iterative method. The most common practice would solve (6)(7), in the first stage, for u n+1 using either a Newton or Picard type iteration, and then (8), in the second stage, for θ n+1 , which becomes a linear system.…”

Section: Temporal Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transient simulations of heat transfer problems are often used to advance scientific knowledge in a wide variety of applications such as the design of thermal systems [1; 2; 3], material processing [4; 5; 6], biomedical studies [7], fire protection [8], porous media [9], and weather forecasting [10] -e.g. see [11] for a comprehensive survey of recently published works.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Multiresolution Model for the Simulation of Transient Heat and Mass Transfer

Alam

Kevlahan

Vasilyev

et al. 2012

Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B: Fundamentals

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The development of an efficient computational methodology for transient heat and mass transfer applications is challenging. When a solution is localized on the fraction of a computational domain, an appropriate adaptive mesh method could minimize computational work. In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive-mesh multi-resolution algorithm for the transient momentum and energy equations. The nonlinear dynamics between the velocity and temperature fields is modeled by solving the coupled system of equations simultaneously, where the rate of convergence has been optimized so that computational cost remains proportional to the number of grid points. Numerical experiments have exhibited good agreements with benchmark simulation data.

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Section: Temporal Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temporal Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Multiresolution Model for the Simulation of Transient Heat and Mass Transfer

Alam

Kevlahan

Vasilyev

et al. 2012

Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B: Fundamentals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The problem of mathematical and numerical modelling of transport phenomena in the protective garments was undertaken many times [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. However, the complex nature of heat and mass transfer phenomena in the multilayer protective clothing resulted in many simplifications which were introduced into proposed heat and mass transfer models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verification and validation of an advanced model of heat and mass transfer in the protective clothing

Łapka

Furmański

2018

Heat Mass Transfer

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The paper presents verification and validation of an advanced numerical model of heat and moisture transfer in the multi-layer protective clothing and in components of the experimental stand subjected to either high surroundings temperature or high radiative heat flux emitted by hot objects. The developed model included conductive-radiative heat transfer in the hygroscopic porous fabrics and air gaps as well as conductive heat transfer in components of the stand. Additionally, water vapour diffusion in the pores and air spaces as well as phase transition of the bound water in the fabric fibres (sorption and desorption) were accounted for. All optical phenomena at internal or external walls were modelled and the thermal radiation was treated in the rigorous way, i.e., semi-transparent absorbing, emitting and scattering fabrics with the non-grey properties were assumed. The air was treated as transparent. Complex energy and mass balances as well as optical conditions at internal or external interfaces were formulated in order to find values of temperatures, vapour densities and radiation intensities at these interfaces. The obtained highly non-linear coupled system of discrete equations was solved by the Finite Volume based in-house iterative algorithm. The developed model passed discretisation convergence tests and was successfully verified against the results obtained applying commercial software for simplified cases. Then validation was carried out using experimental measurements collected during exposure of the protective clothing to high radiative heat flux emitted by the IR lamp. Satisfactory agreement of simulated and measured temporal variation of temperature at external and internal surfaces of the multi-layer clothing was attained.

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“…Torvi (1997) and modeled heat transfer in Kevlar distribution of air gaps between flame-resistant garment and manikin body. Ghazy and Bergstrom (2010) developed a numerical model for single layer protective clothing that considers the combined conduction-radiation heat transfer between the fabric and the skin. Then, Ghazy and Bergstrom (2011) further investigated the influence of the conduction-radiation in the gap between protective clothing and the skin on the overall performance of the clothing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Thermal Shrinkage on Protective Clothing Performance during Fire Exposure: Numerical Investigation

Ghazy¹

2014

MER

Self Cite

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The thermal shrinkage of protective clothing during fire exposure plays a crucial rule in reducing the clothing protective performance. The transversal reduction in the fabric perimeter around the body due to the fabric thermal shrinkage causes a dynamic reduction in the air gap between the clothing and the body. This leads to a dynamic change in the heat transfer modes within the gap. Despite of its influential effect on the clothing performance, the thermal shrinkage of protective clothing during fire exposure has not been yet addressed in the literature. This can be attributed to the absence of a gap model that can capture the reciprocal change in heat transfer modes within the gap due to clothing shrinkage. This paper develops a finite volume model to investigate the influence of the fabric thermal shrinkage on protective clothing performance. A special attention was drawn to the model of the air gap between the clothing and skin as it responds directly to the clothing thermal shrinkage. The influence of a variation in the fabric shrinkage rate and the overall reduction in the fabric dimensions was investigated. The paper demonstrates that the clothing protective performance continuously decreases with the reduction in the fabric dimensions while the decay in the clothing protective performance is limited to small shrinkage rates of the fabric. Moreover, this decay in the clothing performance vanishes at high shrinkage rates of the fabric.

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Numerical Simulation of Transient Heat Transfer in a Protective Clothing System during a Flash Fire Exposure

Cited by 69 publications

References 14 publications

A Multiresolution Model for the Simulation of Transient Heat and Mass Transfer

A Multiresolution Model for the Simulation of Transient Heat and Mass Transfer

Verification and validation of an advanced model of heat and mass transfer in the protective clothing

Influence of Thermal Shrinkage on Protective Clothing Performance during Fire Exposure: Numerical Investigation

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