Numerical Simulation of Ti/Al Bimetal Composite Fabricated by Explosive Welding

A welding window is one of the key concepts used to select optimal regimes for high-velocity impact welding. In a number of recent studies, the method of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) was used to find the welding window. In this paper, an attempt is made to compare the results of SPH simulation and classical approaches to find the boundaries of a welding window. The experimental data on the welding of 6061-T6 alloy obtained by Wittman were used to verify the simulation results. Numerical simulation of high-velocity impact accompanied by deformation and heating was carried out by the SPH method in Ansys Autodyn software. To analyze the cooling process, the heat equation was solved using the finite difference method. Numerical simulation reproduced most of the explosion welding phenomena, in particular, the formation of waves, vortices, and jets. The left, right, and lower boundaries found using numerical simulations were in good agreement with those found using Wittman’s and Deribas’s approaches. At the same time, significant differences were found in the position of the upper limit. The results of this study improve understanding of the mechanism of joint formation during high-velocity impact welding.

Section: Simulation Of Impactmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welding Window: Comparison of Deribas’ and Wittman’s Approaches and SPH Simulation Results

Émurlaeva

Батаев

Zhou

et al. 2019

“…Microhardness tests showed the highest values in the range of 365-750 HV in vortex regions at the bonding interface after annealing. In addition, Li et al [21] and Liu et al [22] studied the explosive welding process of Ti/Al layered materials by numerical simulation to guide the actual production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Explosive Ratio on Morphological and Structural Properties of Ti/Al Clads

Fang

Shi

Shi³

et al. 2019

The current work focuses on the effect of explosive ratio R on the comprehensive properties of Ti/Al clads manufactured via explosive welding. The lower and upper limits of explosive ratio, namely R1 and R2, were determined according to the R–δf (flyer plate thickness) welding window. Two TA2/1060 explosive cladding plates were successfully manufactured at the different explosive ratios. Microstructure investigation was conducted by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The small wave bonding interface was observed at R1, where the vortex structure containing the ingot structure appeared periodically. The bonding interface presented a big wave bonding morphology and a locally continuous melting layer at R2. Many prolonged grains and adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) were found near the interface for a greater explosive load. Intermetallic compounds were formed in the bonding zones of the two plates. The thickness of element diffusion area increased with an increasing explosive ratio. Comparative tests of mechanical properties indicated that the tensile shear strength at R1 was higher. The microhardness, tensile strength, and bending performance of the two plates are similar and acceptable. Tensile fracture analysis indicated the fracture mode at R1 was ductile fracture, while the explosive cladding plate at R2 had mainly ductile fracture with quasi-cleavage fracture as the supplement.

“…Many studies have been carried out to analyze the possibilities and limitations of different technologies to weld dissimilar materials [3][4][5][6]. It has been shown that a suitable selection method may result in a combination of materials that meet the mechanical requirements without a cost penalty [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study for Improving the Repair of Magnesium–Aluminium Hybrid Parts by Turning Processes

Rubio

Villeta

Valencia

et al. 2018

Abstract:One of the lightest metallic materials used in the aeronautics, aerospace, and automotive industries, among others, is magnesium, due to its excellent weight/strength ratio. Most parts used in these industries need to be made of materials that are rigid, strong, and lightweight, but sometimes the materials do not simultaneously satisfy all of the properties required. An alternative is to combine two or more materials, giving rise to a hybrid component that can satisfy a wider range of properties. The pieces machined in these industrial fields must satisfy stringent surface roughness requirements that conform to the design specifications. This work shows an experimental study to analyse the surface roughness reached in hybrid components made up of a base of magnesium alloy (UNS M11917) and two inserts of aluminium alloy (UNS A92024) obtained by turning. Its purpose is to determine the influence of the factors and their possible interactions on the response variable, the surface roughness Ra. The study is carried out using a design of experiments (DOE). A product of a full factorial 2 3 and a block of two factors 3 × 2 was selected. The factors identified as possible sources of variation of the surface roughness are: depth of cut, feed rate, spindle speed, type of tool, location with respect to the specimen (LRS), and location with respect to the insert (LRI). Data were analysed by means of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) method. The main conclusion is the possibility to carry out the repair and maintenance of parts of magnesium-aluminum hybrid components by dry turning; that is, without cutting fluids and, therefore, in the most sustainable way that the process can be carried out. In addition, different combinations of cutting parameters have been identified that allow these operations to be carried out in an efficient manner, reducing mechanization times and, therefore, also the direct and indirect costs associated with them.