Numerical Simulation of the Liquid Nitrogen Chilldown of a Vertical Tube

Darr, Samuel; Hu, Hong; Schaeffer, R. C.; Chung, J. N.; Hartwig, Jason; Majumdar, Alok

doi:10.2514/6.2015-0468

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Another major source of uncertainty is related to the choice of the functional form of the correlations. There have been literally hundreds of various modifications proposed for the flow boiling correlations [60,61] and the corresponding functional space is continuously expanding [22,62].…”

Section: A Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, small time steps and instabilities [27,34] or implicitness of numerical scheme [36,37] impose substantial limitations on the speed of the solution, efficiency of multi-parametric optimization, and possibility of on-line application. As a result accurate predictions of transient cryogenic flows remain a challenge [23,35] and extensive research is currently under way [3,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inferential framework for two-fluid model of cryogenic chilldown

Luchinsky

Khasin

Timuçin

et al. 2017

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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We report a development of probabilistic framework for parameter inference of cryogenic twophase flow based on fast two-fluid solver. We introduce a concise set of cryogenic correlations and discuss its parameterization. We present results of application of proposed approach to the analysis of cryogenic chilldoown in horizontal transfer line. We demonstrate simultaneous optimization of large number of model parameters obtained using global optimization algorithms. It is shown that the proposed approach allows accurate predictions of experimental data obtained both with saturated and sub-cooled liquid nitrogen flow. We discuss extension of predictive capabilities of the model to practical full scale systems.

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Section: A Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferential framework for two-fluid model of cryogenic chilldown

Luchinsky

Khasin

Timuçin

et al. 2017

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…During the past decades, a number of efficient algorithms have been developed for analysis of multiphase flows [3,4,[6][7][8][9]. However, the problem still presents a major challenge to the scientific community due to the lack of a general agreement regarding the fundamental physical models describing two-phase flows [10] and relatively poor knowledge of heat and mass transfer correlations in boiling cryogenic flows [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Phase Flow Modeling of Cryogenic Loading Operations

Devine¹,

Luchinsky²,

Foygel³

et al. 2019

Heat and Mass Transfer - Advances in Science and Technology Applications

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We consider problem of modeling and controlling two-phase cryogenic flows during ground loading operations. We introduce homogeneous moving front and separated two-phase flow solvers that are capable of fast and accurate online predictions of flow dynamics during chilldown and transfer under nominal conditions and in the presence of faults. Concise sets of cryogenic correlations are proposed in each case. We present results of application of proposed solvers to the analysis of chilldown in large-scale experimental cryogenic transfer line build in Kennedy Space Center. We discuss optimization of parameters of cryogenic models obtained using general inferential framework and an application of the solvers to the fault detection and evaluation based on D-matrix approach. It is shown that solver's predictions are in good agreement with experimental data obtained for liquid nitrogen flow in nominal regime and in the presence of faults.

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“…Heat transfer correlations for the film boiling, transition boiling, and nucleate boiling regimes were developed to calculate the convective heat transfer at each node given the local conditions. Details of the numerical procedure and the correlations can be found in Darr et al 30 The results of the numerical simulation are only reported for the film boiling regime. The film boiling correlation used in the 1-g simulation was the sum of a two-phase turbulent convection term and a droplet-to-wall heat transfer term.…”

Section: Quality Of Reduced Gravity Experimental Runsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 The numerical simulation was a one-dimensional finite volume solver of the energy equation of the test section pipe. The pipe was divided into axial nodes that each received energy source terms from the convective heat transfer of the LN 2 flow on the inside of the tube and the parasitic heat transfer on the outside.…”

Section: Quality Of Reduced Gravity Experimental Runsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of reduced gravity on cryogenic nitrogen boiling and pipe chilldown

et al. 2016

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Manned deep space exploration will require cryogenic in-space propulsion. Yet, accurate prediction of cryogenic pipe flow boiling heat transfer is lacking, due to the absence of a cohesive reduced gravity data set covering the expected flow and thermodynamic parameter ranges needed to validate cryogenic two-phase heat transfer models. This work provides a wide range of cryogenic chilldown data aboard an aircraft flying parabolic trajectories to simulate reduced gravity. Liquid nitrogen is used to quench a 1.27 cm diameter tube from room temperature. The pressure, temperature, flow rate, and inlet conditions are reported from 10 tests covering liquid Reynolds number from 2,000 to 80,000 and pressures from 80 to 810 kPa. Corresponding terrestrial gravity tests were performed in upward, downward, and horizontal flow configurations to identify gravity and flow direction effects on chilldown. Film boiling heat transfer was lessened by up to 25% in reduced gravity, resulting in longer time and more liquid to quench the pipe to liquid temperatures. Heat transfer was enhanced by increasing the flow rate, and differences between reduced and terrestrial gravity diminished at high flow rates. The new data set will enable the development of accurate and robust heat transfer models of cryogenic pipe chilldown in reduced gravity.

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Numerical Simulation of the Liquid Nitrogen Chilldown of a Vertical Tube

Cited by 24 publications

References 19 publications

Inferential framework for two-fluid model of cryogenic chilldown

Inferential framework for two-fluid model of cryogenic chilldown

Two-Phase Flow Modeling of Cryogenic Loading Operations

The effect of reduced gravity on cryogenic nitrogen boiling and pipe chilldown

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