Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Particle and Substrate Preheating on Porosity Level and Residual Stress of As-sprayed Ti6Al4V Components

An Investigation into the Relative Efficacy of High-Velocity Air-Fuel-Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Implants Based on the Crystallinity Index, Residual Stress, Wear, and In-Flight Powder Particle Behavior

“…Thermal decomposition and particle velocity decide the coating characteristics. Current HVAF-sprayed HA coatings show compressive residual stress, and it is attributed to the peening effect of in-flight-particle impingement on the substrate . Thus, it is reasoned that the crystalline nature of HVAF-sprayed HA coatings could be due to the low operating temperature, high velocity, and higher impact of particles that tend to minimize the in-flight particle oxidation and maximize impact deformation, Similar evidence could be drawn from the previous report …”

“…Residual stress is inter-related to other properties estimated from the finite-element-based simulation study on HVAF on particle deformation; it has been revealed that SS316 as well as Ti-6Al-4V particle impact generated compressive residual stress owing to the peening effect of the in-flight particle impingement on the substrate. 70 Thus, the HVAF-sprayed HA coating retained compressive residual stress due to high velocity and impact with a low temperature of in-flight particles, which is considered beneficial in nature. Also, the presence of compressive residual stress positively alters mechanical properties 68 and delays crack initiation, leading to a longer life 71 and significantly affecting the tribological performance of the coating by reducing wear debris.…”

“…From the finite-element-based simulation study on HVAF on particle deformation, it has been revealed that SS316 as well as Ti-6Al-4V particle impact generated compressive residual stress owing to the peening effect of the in-flight particle impingement on the substrate. , Thus, the HVAF-sprayed HA coating retained compressive residual stress due to high velocity and impact with a low temperature of in-flight particles, whcih is considered beneficial in nature.…”

Influence of processing conditions on the mechanical, tribological and fatigue performance of cold spray coating: a review

“…The particle velocity in the cold spray process is mainly influenced by the type of carrier used, temperature and pressure of carrier gas. Various researchers have investigated the influence of these variables on the coating performance numerically [76-83] and experimentally [84-86].…”