Numerical Simulation of Tensile Behavior of Corroded Aluminum Alloy 2024 T3 Considering the Hydrogen Embrittlement

Abstract

A multi-scale modeling approach for simulating the tensile behavior of the corroded aluminum alloy 2024 T3 was developed, accounting for both the geometrical features of corrosion damage and the effect of corrosion-induced hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The approach combines two Finite Element (FE) models: a model of a three-dimensional Representative Unit Cell (RUC), representing an exfoliated area and its correspondent hydrogen embrittled zone (HEZ), and a model of the tensile specimen. The models lie at the micro-and macro-scales, respectively. The characteristics of the HEZ are determined from measurements of nanoindentation hardness, conducted on pre-corroded specimens. Using the model of the RUC, the local homogenized mechanical behavior of the corroded material is simulated. Then, the behavior of the exfoliated areas is assigned into different areas (elements) of the tensile specimen and final analyses are performed to simulate the tensile behavior of the corroded material. The approach was applied to model specimens after 8, 16 and 24 h exposure periods of the Exfoliation Corrosion (EXCO) test. For validation of the approach, tensile tests were used. The numerical results show that this approach is suitable for accurately simulating the tensile behavior of pre-corroded experimental specimens, accounting for both geometrical features of corrosion damage and corrosion-induced HE.

Stress Corrosion Cracking of Friction Stir-Welded AA-2024 T3 Alloy

“…Evolution of hydrogen always occurs in actively growing localized corrosion sites and cracks. The absorption of hydrogen into metals leads to the possibility of crack propagation by hydrogen embrittlement (HE) [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] The anodic dissolution, catalyzed also by the presence of precipitates along the grain boundaries, is considered to be the main SCC mechanism in high strength 2xxx (Al-Cu-Mg) series alloys [33]. The galvanic interaction between the particles and the surrounding matrix causes the preferential dissolution of the anodic particles or the dissolution of the adjacent matrix surrounding nobler particles.…”

A Study of the Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Q460D Steel

“…In light of the foregoing, great efforts are made to obtain relevant experimental data at different stress states, strain rates, and temperatures and calibrate at least uncoupled material models of various degree of complexity which are widely used in engineering practice. Very large amount of experimental data for 2024-T3(51) aluminum alloy is available in literature [60,64,68,[79][80][81][82][83][84][85], In these works samples of various geometry (smooth and notched circular cylinders, thin flat "dog-bone" specimens, thin flat notched specimens, wide smooth and grooved plates, thin-walled tubes, thick-walled tubes, bars with square cross-sections, circular plates, plates with a circular hole, parallelepipeds, specimens with a butterfly-like gauge section, etc.) machined from different blanks (rolled sheets and plates of various thickness, large rolled blocks, extruded bars with circular or square cross-section, etc.)…”

Tribological, structural and mechanical characteristics of friction stir processed aluminium-based matrix composites reinforced with stainless steel micro-particles

“…These deficiencies have been overturned by high strength aluminium alloys which have improved structural, mechanical and chemical properties such series are zin-based (7xxx) as well as new series of 8xxx and 9xxx which are not so popular Rambabu et al, 2017). It has been established that lightweight materials such as magnesium, aluminium, and titanium offered dynamic and enterprising advantages over traditional steel metal as a result of their high specific strength and low density (Garcia et al, 2009;Vasco et al, 2018). It is, therefore, certain that in the future, steel might go into extinction wherein high strength and low-density materials such as aluminium, titanium, and magnesium might replace the steel.…”